Nikonov E L, Kryukov A I, Kunelskaya N L, Tsarapkin G Yu, Vasilenko I P, Bondareva G P, Nosulya E V, Sudarev P A, Bessarab T P, Tovmasyan A S, Yanyushkina E S, Timofeeva M G, Kishinevsky A E, Chalov D M, Gorovaya E V
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
Sverzhevskiy Research Clinical Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Moscow, Russia.
Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2020;85(4):70-76. doi: 10.17116/otorino20208504170.
The spread of the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 inevitably makes adjustments to the medical care. Given that the main route of transmission is airborne, otorhinolaryngologists are at increased risk of infection. Based on the literature data of leading otorhinolaryngologists, as well as their own experience working with patients with the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, the authors present relevant recommendations on the organization of specialized otorhinolaryngological care in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors consider the etiology, pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations of COVID-19. The features of the examination of ENT, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, including the use of silicone hydrotamps to stop the front and rear nose bleeds, developed in L.I. Sverzhevskiy OHRIM, and indications for hospitalization in the ENT hospital. Features of operations on the otorhinolaryngological profile during a COVID pandemic are also described. Summing up, the authors indicate that during the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, otorhinolaryngologists need to adhere to two fundamental principles aimed at preventing the spread of infection: the use of modern effective personal protective equipment and the use of examination methods (surgical treatment methods) that prevent the formation of biological aerosols.
新型冠状病毒感染COVID-19大流行的蔓延不可避免地给医疗护理带来了调整。鉴于主要传播途径是空气传播，耳鼻喉科医生面临的感染风险增加。基于主要耳鼻喉科医生的文献数据，以及他们在治疗新型冠状病毒感染COVID-19患者方面的自身经验，作者提出了在COVID-19大流行背景下组织专门耳鼻喉科护理的相关建议。作者考虑了COVID-19的病因、发病机制和临床表现。耳鼻喉科检查的特点、诊断和治疗程序，包括使用在L.I. 斯韦尔热夫斯基耳鼻喉科研究所研发的硅胶止血垫来止血前后鼻孔出血，以及在耳鼻喉医院住院的指征。还描述了COVID大流行期间耳鼻喉科手术的特点。总结而言，作者指出，在新型冠状病毒感染COVID-19大流行期间，耳鼻喉科医生需要坚持两项旨在防止感染传播的基本原则：使用现代有效的个人防护装备以及使用防止生物气溶胶形成的检查方法（手术治疗方法）。
