Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Italy.
Fincantieri S.p.A., Merchant Ships Business Unit, Trieste, Via Valerio, 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
Waste Manag. 2020 Dec;118:209-218. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.08.018. Epub 2020 Sep 3.
Here we report over possible optimizations onboard cruise ships in the management of glass, paper and cellulosic waste, ranging from simple rationalization of the materials' use (for glass and paper) to the recovery of some of the energy embedded in paper and other cellulosic waste. This latter option is investigated considering two possibilities: i) the recovery of thermal energy from incinerator's flue gas by means of an absorption plant, ii) the production of syngas to be directly fed to the ship engines. For each option, we calculated the achievable benefits in terms of reduced fuel consumption, avoided CO emissions and cost savings (evaluated on the basis of the avoided fuel consumption). Finally, on the basis of the previously calculated benefits, we defined three different scenarios, each including the rationalization of glass and paper waste management, topped by different combinations of thermal energy recovery/syngas production. We then evaluated these scenarios in terms of environmental and economic benefits. This analysis showed that even trivial approaches, as a simple rationalization of paper consumption, can allow consistent advantages over existing waste management policies; moreover, syngas generators for treating cellulosic waste emerged as very effective tools for lowering the environmental impact of modern cruise ships. Joining these two strategies allows notable savings in terms of fuel, CO emissions and ship operational costs, and could represent a path for sizably reducing the environmental footprint of cruise ships.
在这里，我们报告了在游轮上管理玻璃、纸张和纤维素废物方面可能的优化措施，范围从简单的材料使用合理化（对于玻璃和纸张）到回收纸张和其他纤维素废物中嵌入的一些能量。考虑到两种可能性，对后者进行了研究：i）通过吸收装置从焚烧炉废气中回收热能，ii）生产合成气直接供给船舶发动机。对于每种选择，我们都根据燃料消耗的减少、避免的 CO 排放和成本节约（根据避免的燃料消耗进行评估）计算了可实现的收益。最后，根据之前计算的收益，我们定义了三种不同的方案，每个方案都包括玻璃和纸张废物管理的合理化，以及热能回收/合成气生产的不同组合。然后，我们根据环境和经济效益对这些方案进行了评估。这项分析表明，即使是简单的合理化纸张消耗等琐碎方法，也可以在现有废物管理政策的基础上带来显著的优势；此外，用于处理纤维素废物的合成气发生器是降低现代游轮环境影响的非常有效的工具。将这两种策略结合起来，可以在燃料、CO 排放和船舶运营成本方面实现显著节省，并可能成为大幅减少游轮环境足迹的途径。
