Danzl D F
University of Louisville School of Medicine, Kentucky.
Am Fam Physician. 1988 Jun;37(6):157-62.
Heat stroke victims lack thermoregulatory control. Treatment includes immediate cooling, circulatory support and monitoring for secondary complications. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a complication of neuroleptic drug therapy; skeletal muscle hypertonicity helps distinguish this entity from heat stroke. Malignant hyperthermia should be considered in any patient who is under physiologic or anesthetic stress and develops hyperthermia plus skeletal muscle rigidity, tachypnea, hypoxia, tachycardia and hyperkalemia.
中暑患者缺乏体温调节能力。治疗措施包括立即降温、循环支持以及监测继发性并发症。抗精神病药物恶性综合征是抗精神病药物治疗的一种并发症；骨骼肌张力过高有助于将此病症与中暑区分开来。对于任何处于生理或麻醉应激状态下且出现高热、骨骼肌僵硬、呼吸急促、低氧血症、心动过速和高钾血症的患者，都应考虑恶性高热。
