College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, TR10 9FE, UK.
Ecol Lett. 2020 Nov;23(11):1673-1681. doi: 10.1111/ele.13599. Epub 2020 Sep 7.
Interspecific coevolutionary interactions can result in rapid biotic adaptation, but most studies have focused only on species pairs. Here, we (co)evolved five microbial species in replicate polycultures and monocultures and quantified local adaptation. Specifically, growth rate assays were used to determine adaptations of each species' populations to (1) the presence of the other four species in general and (2) sympatric vs. allopatric communities. We found that species did not show an increase in net biotic adaptation:ancestral, polyculture- and monoculture-evolved populations did not have significantly different growth rates within communities. However, 4/5 species' growth rates were significantly lower within the community they evolved in relative to an allopatric community. 'Local maladaptation' suggests that species evolved increased competitive interactions to sympatric species' populations. This increased competition did not affect community stability or productivity. Our results suggest that (co)evolution within communities can increase competitive interactions that are specific to (co)evolved community members.
种间协同进化相互作用可导致生物的快速适应，但大多数研究仅集中在种对上。在这里，我们在重复的混合培养物和纯培养物中（共同）进化了五个微生物物种，并量化了局部适应。具体来说，使用生长速率测定法来确定每个物种的种群对（1）其他四个物种的普遍存在和（2）同域与异域群落的适应情况。我们发现，物种并没有表现出净生物适应性的增加：与祖先、混合培养物和纯培养物进化的种群相比，群落内的种群生长速率没有显著差异。然而，4/5 种的生长速率在其进化的群落内相对于异域群落显著降低。“局部不适应”表明，物种进化出了对同域物种种群更强的竞争相互作用。这种竞争的增加并没有影响群落的稳定性或生产力。我们的研究结果表明，群落内的（共同）进化可以增加特定于（共同）进化群落成员的竞争相互作用。
