Mohsenin V
John B. Pierce Foundation Laboratory, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
Arch Environ Health. 1988 May-Jun;43(3):242-6. doi: 10.1080/00039896.1988.9934941.
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a common indoor air pollutant. To characterize the acute respiratory responses to this gas, 18 nonsmoking normal subjects (mean age +/- standard deviation [SD] = 25 +/- 4 yr) were exposed to filtered air or 2 ppm NO2 gas for 1 hr in a 30-m3 environmental chamber on different days, typically 1 wk apart, in a double-blind randomized fashion. Lung function tests included forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second, partial expiratory flow at 40% of vital capacity (Vp40), functional residual capacity, and specific airway conductance, and were measured before and after exposure. Airway reactivity to methacholine inhalation was determined within 45 min of each exposure. The dose of methacholine in mg/ml to cause a 40% decrease in specific airway conductance (PD40) was measured. Airway reactivity to methacholine aerosol increased significantly after NO2, which is shown by a decrease in the concentration of methacholine; PD40 (AIR) = 101 +/- 44, PD40 (NO2) = 81 +/- 45 mg/ml, p = .003. No significant changes were noted in the lung function tests after NO2 exposure. These findings indicate that normal nonsmokers exposed to 2.0 ppm NO2 for 1 hr develop an increase in airway reactivity to methacholine aerosol, which is not associated with changes in lung volumes, flow rates, or respiratory symptoms.
二氧化氮（NO₂）是一种常见的室内空气污染物。为了描述对这种气体的急性呼吸道反应，18名不吸烟的正常受试者（平均年龄±标准差[SD]=25±4岁）在不同日期，通常间隔1周，以双盲随机方式在一个30立方米的环境舱中暴露于过滤空气或2 ppm的NO₂气体中1小时。肺功能测试包括用力肺活量、一秒用力呼气量、肺活量40%时的部分呼气流量（Vp40）、功能残气量和比气道传导率，并在暴露前后进行测量。在每次暴露后45分钟内测定对吸入乙酰甲胆碱的气道反应性。测量引起比气道传导率降低40%（PD40）的乙酰甲胆碱剂量（mg/ml）。暴露于NO₂后，对乙酰甲胆碱气雾剂的气道反应性显著增加，这表现为乙酰甲胆碱浓度降低；PD40（空气）=101±44，PD40（NO₂）=81±45 mg/ml，p = 0.oo3。暴露于NO₂后，肺功能测试未发现显著变化。这些发现表明，暴露于2.0 ppm NO₂ 1小时的正常不吸烟者对乙酰甲胆碱气雾剂的气道反应性增加，这与肺容量、流速或呼吸道症状的变化无关。
