Folayan Morenike O, Kolawole Kikelomo A, Oziegbe Elizabeth O, Oyedele Titus, Oshomoji Olusegun V, Chukwumah Nneka M, Onyejaka Nneka
Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Oral Habit Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
BMC Oral Health. 2015 Jun 30;15:72. doi: 10.1186/s12903-015-0058-y.
Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is defined as the presence of caries lesion in an primary tooth in children below the age of 71 months. It is a significant public health problem with consequences for the growth and development of affected children. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and ECC risk indicators in a suburban population in Nigeria.
The data of 497 children aged 6 months to 71 months who were recruited through a household survey conducted in Ile-Ife, Nigeria was analysed for prevalence of ECC and risk indicators. Information on children's ages, sex, socioeconomic status, tooth brushing habits, sugary snacks consumption, use of fluoridated toothpaste, birth rank, infant-feeding practices, breastfeeding practices, maternal age at childbirth, and maternal knowledge of oral health was obtained. Children's oral hygiene and caries status was also determined. Risk factors associated with ECC were determined using logistic regression analysis.
Thirty-three (6.6%) children had ECC. Four (0.8%) had severe ECC. The four risk indicators for ECC were the child's gender, mothers' knowledge of oral health, consumption of sugary snacks in between meals more than three times a day, and the child's oral hygiene status. Females (PR: -0.06; 95% CI: -0.01- -0.01; p = 0.02), and children with mothers who had good knowledge of oral health (PR: -0.06; 95% CI: -0.11--0.008; p = 0.02) were less likely to have ECC. Children who consumed sugary snacks in between meals three times a day or more (PR: 0.05; CI: 0.003 - 0.01; P = 0.04) and children with fair oral hygiene (PR: 0.05; 95% CI: 0.005-0.10; p = 0.03) were more likely to have ECC.
The prevalence of ECC in the study population was low. Promoting good oral hygiene practices and enhancing mothers' knowledge of oral health may help reduce further, the risk for ECC in the study population.
幼儿龋齿（ECC）被定义为71个月以下儿童的乳牙出现龋损。它是一个重大的公共卫生问题，会对受影响儿童的生长发育产生影响。本研究的目的是确定尼日利亚一个郊区人群中ECC的患病率及风险指标。
对通过在尼日利亚伊费进行的家庭调查招募的497名6个月至71个月儿童的数据进行分析，以确定ECC的患病率及风险指标。获取了有关儿童年龄、性别、社会经济地位、刷牙习惯、含糖零食消费情况、含氟牙膏使用情况、出生顺序、婴儿喂养方式、母乳喂养方式、产妇分娩年龄以及产妇口腔健康知识等信息。还确定了儿童的口腔卫生和龋齿状况。使用逻辑回归分析确定与ECC相关的危险因素。
33名（6.6%）儿童患有ECC。4名（0.8%）患有重度ECC。ECC的四个风险指标是儿童性别、母亲的口腔健康知识、每天三餐之间食用含糖零食超过三次以及儿童的口腔卫生状况。女性（PR：-0.06；95%CI：-0.01--0.01；p = 0.02）以及母亲具有良好口腔健康知识的儿童（PR：-0.06；95%CI：-0.11--0.008；p = 0.02）患ECC的可能性较小。每天三餐之间食用含糖零食三次或更多次的儿童（PR：0.05；CI：0.003 - 0.01；P = 0.04）以及口腔卫生一般的儿童（PR：0.05；95%CI：0.005-0.10；p = 0.03）患ECC的可能性较大。
研究人群中ECC的患病率较低。推广良好的口腔卫生习惯并提高母亲的口腔健康知识可能有助于进一步降低研究人群中ECC的风险。
