Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, ul. Stawki 5/7, 00-183, Warsaw, Poland.
Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
Arch Sex Behav. 2020 Nov;49(8):2993-3003. doi: 10.1007/s10508-020-01800-0. Epub 2020 Sep 7.
Three experiments investigated the influence of penile erection on ascriptions of mental capabilities to men. Drawing on sexual objectification literature and the distinction between agency and experience in mind perception, three competing predictions were formulated. The mind redistribution hypothesis assumed that penile erection would lower agency and heighten experience attributions, the animalistic dehumanization hypothesis predicted the decrease in agency, but not experience, and the literal objectification hypothesis implied the simultaneous decrease in both agency and experience. In Experiment 1 (N = 219; 128 females), erection salience lowered agency, but not experience capabilities ascribed to male targets. Experiment 2 (N = 201, 113 females) replicated the negative effect of erection salience on perceived agency (but not experience) and revealed that erection salience lowered intentions to hire a male target. This effect was explained with the loss of perceived agency. Experiment 3 (N = 203, 98 females) verified the causal relationship between penile erection, agency and hiring intentions. Taken together, these results supported the animalistic dehumanization hypothesis.
三项实验研究了阴茎勃起对男性心理能力归因的影响。借鉴性客体化文献和心智知觉中agency 和 experience 的区别,提出了三个相互竞争的预测。心理再分配假说假设阴茎勃起会降低 agency 并增加 experience 的归因,动物化去人性化假说预测 agency 下降,但 experience 不会下降,而字面客体化假说则意味着 agency 和 experience 同时下降。在实验 1(N=219;128 名女性)中,勃起凸显降低了男性目标的 agency,但没有降低 experience 的能力归因。实验 2(N=201,113 名女性)复制了勃起凸显对感知 agency(但不是 experience)的负面影响,并表明勃起凸显降低了雇佣男性目标的意图。这种效应可以用感知 agency 的丧失来解释。实验 3(N=203,98 名女性)验证了阴茎勃起、agency 和雇佣意图之间的因果关系。综上所述,这些结果支持了动物化去人性化假说。