Du Qin, Ma Xinru
Department of Stomatlogy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China.
School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu 610054, China.
Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao. 2020 May 30;40(5):759-764. doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2020.05.24.
Periodontal pathogens are the main pathogenic factor of periodontitis. Periodontal pathogens have a large variety of virulence factors such as lipopolysaccharide, fimbriae and proteases, which enables the pathogens to infect periodontal tissues and stimulate the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, causing chronic systemic inflammation. Periodontal pathogens may invade multiple systems such as the circulatory system, immune system, respiratory system and digestive system to cause systematic diseases. Recent studies have shown that periodontal pathogens may have close relations with systemic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer. Among the periodontal pathogens, can be found in atherosclerotic plaques to impairing the function of the vascular endothelium; may also increase the level of inflammatory factors such as TNF-α to promote insulin resistance and diabetes. Many of the periodontal pathogens such as , and can be detected in the synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis patients, suggesting their involvement in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. may cause alterations in the intestinal microbiome in mice and promote the occurrence of intestinal tumors. Herein we review the recent progresses in the relationship between periodontal pathogens and systemic diseases.
牙周病原体是牙周炎的主要致病因素。牙周病原体具有多种毒力因子，如脂多糖、菌毛和蛋白酶，这些毒力因子使病原体能够感染牙周组织并刺激炎性细胞因子的分泌，导致慢性全身炎症。牙周病原体可能侵入循环系统、免疫系统、呼吸系统和消化系统等多个系统，引发系统性疾病。最近的研究表明，牙周病原体可能与心血管疾病、糖尿病、类风湿性关节炎和癌症等系统性疾病密切相关。在牙周病原体中， 可在动脉粥样硬化斑块中发现，损害血管内皮功能； 也可能增加肿瘤坏死因子-α等炎性因子水平，促进胰岛素抵抗和糖尿病。许多牙周病原体，如 、 和 ，可在类风湿性关节炎患者的滑液中检测到，提示它们参与类风湿性关节炎的发病机制。 可能导致小鼠肠道微生物群改变，促进肠道肿瘤的发生。在此，我们综述牙周病原体与系统性疾病关系的最新进展。
