Weber Jeannette, Hansmann Marieke, Heming Meike, Herold Regina, Erim Yesim, Hander Nicole, Rothermund Eva, Mulfinger Nadine, Kröger Christoph, Feißt Manuel, Brezinski Jolanda, Kohl Fiona, Angerer Peter
Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Institute of Psychology, University of Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Germany.
J Occup Rehabil. 2024 Nov 22. doi: 10.1007/s10926-024-10256-1.
By considering work-related aspects during early intervention and treatment of employees with (subclinical) symptoms of common mental disorders, psychotherapeutic consultation at work (PT-W) aims to increase work-specific self-efficacy (SE) to finally reduce sickness absence and contribute to successful return to work. This study, thus, aims to investigate interrelations between working conditions and work-specific SE among employees before receiving PT-W.
The study uses baseline data of a randomized controlled trial testing the efficacy of PT-W in Germany (n = 535). Working conditions were assessed by six scales of the validated Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). SE was assessed by the validated general short occupational self-efficacy (OSE) scale and return-to-work self-efficacy (RTW-SE) scale, two specific forms of self-efficacy. Multiple linear regression models were calculated using working conditions as independent and self-efficacy as dependent variables. Interactions between working conditions and age, gender and current extent of work were added to those models.
Results suggest that quantitative job demands are negatively and development opportunities are positively related to OSE and RTW-SE. Age did not moderate those relationships. The association between development opportunities and OSE was stronger among employees indicating working less number of hours than specified in their contract compared to employees indicating working their full contract hours. Furthermore, interactions with gender were found with social support being only (positively) associated with OSE among male and decision authority being only (positively) associated with OSE among female employees.
The associations between working conditions and work-specific SE support the usefulness of addressing potential reciprocal relationships between those two variables during PT-W to improve mental health of employees.
Registered at the German Clinical Trial Register (DRKS) at 01.03.2021-DRKS00023049.
通过在对患有常见精神障碍（亚临床）症状的员工进行早期干预和治疗时考虑与工作相关的方面，工作中的心理治疗咨询（PT-W）旨在提高特定工作的自我效能感（SE），最终减少病假并促进成功重返工作岗位。因此，本研究旨在调查在接受PT-W之前员工的工作条件与特定工作的自我效能感之间的相互关系。
该研究使用了一项在德国测试PT-W疗效的随机对照试验的基线数据（n = 535）。工作条件通过经过验证的哥本哈根心理社会问卷（COPSOQ）的六个量表进行评估。自我效能感通过经过验证的一般简短职业自我效能感（OSE）量表和重返工作自我效能感（RTW-SE）量表进行评估，这是自我效能感的两种特定形式。使用工作条件作为自变量，自我效能感作为因变量计算多元线性回归模型。将工作条件与年龄、性别和当前工作范围之间的相互作用添加到这些模型中。
结果表明，定量的工作需求与OSE和RTW-SE呈负相关，发展机会与OSE和RTW-SE呈正相关。年龄并未调节这些关系。与表明按合同规定的工时工作的员工相比，表明工作小时数少于合同规定的员工中，发展机会与OSE之间的关联更强。此外，发现了与性别的相互作用，社会支持仅与男性员工的OSE呈（正）相关，决策权力仅与女性员工的OSE呈（正）相关。
工作条件与特定工作的自我效能感之间的关联支持了在PT-W期间处理这两个变量之间潜在的相互关系以改善员工心理健康的有用性。
于2021年3月1日在德国临床试验注册中心（DRKS）注册-DRKS00023049。
