Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States.
Chem Rev. 2021 Jan 27;121(2):736-795. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00436. Epub 2020 Sep 9.
Precise control over the size, shape, composition, structure, and crystal phase of random alloy and intermetallic nanocrystals has been intensively explored in technologically important applications in recent years. Different from the monometallic nanocrystals and other types of structural nanocrystals such as core-shell and heterostructured nanocrystals, well-defined multimetallic random alloy and intermetallic nanocrystals exhibit unique and intriguing physicochemical properties, serving as ideal models for benefiting the structure-to-property studies. As such, random alloy and intermetallic nanocrystals have attracted extensive attention and interest in scientific research and shown huge potential in various fields. In this review, we focus specifically on summarizing the synthetic principles and strategies developed to form random alloy and intermetallic nanocrystals with enhanced performance. Some representative examples are purposely selected for emphasizing basic concepts and mechanistic understanding. We then highlight the fascinating properties and widespread applications of random alloy and intermetallic nanocrystals in electrocatalysis, heterogeneous catalysis, optical and photocatalysis, as well as magnetism and conclude the review by addressing the prospects and current challenges for the controlled synthesis of random alloy and intermetallic nanocrystals.
近年来，在技术重要应用中，人们对随机合金和金属间化合物纳米晶体的尺寸、形状、组成、结构和晶体相进行了深入的精确控制探索。与单金属纳米晶体和其他类型的结构纳米晶体（如核壳和异质结构纳米晶体）不同，明确的多金属随机合金和金属间化合物纳米晶体表现出独特而有趣的物理化学性质，它们是受益于结构-性质研究的理想模型。因此，随机合金和金属间化合物纳米晶体在科学研究中引起了广泛的关注和兴趣，并在各个领域显示出巨大的潜力。在这篇综述中，我们专门关注总结了用于形成具有增强性能的随机合金和金属间化合物纳米晶体的合成原理和策略。选择了一些代表性的例子来强调基本概念和机械理解。然后，我们强调了随机合金和金属间化合物纳米晶体在电催化、多相催化、光学和光催化以及磁性方面的迷人性质和广泛应用，并通过解决随机合金和金属间化合物纳米晶体的可控合成的前景和当前挑战来结束综述。
