Department of Molecular and Life Science, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea.
Depatment of Bionano Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.
Front Immunol. 2020 Aug 13;11:1790. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01790. eCollection 2020.
has complex and intricate interactions with host immune cells. can survive, persist, and grow within macrophages and thereby circumvent detection by the innate immune system. Recently, the field of immunometabolism, which focuses on the link between metabolism and immune function, has provided us with an improved understanding of the role of metabolism in modulating immune function. For example, host immune cells can switch from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis in response to infection, a phenomenon known as the Warburg effect. In this state, immune cells are capable of amplifying production of both antimicrobial pro-inflammatory mediators that are critical for the elimination of bacteria. Also, cells undergoing the Warburg effect upregulate production of nitric oxide augment the synthesis of bioactive lipids. In this review, we describe our current understanding of the Warburg effect and discuss its role in promoting host immune responses to . In most settings, immune cells utilize the Warburg effect to promote inflammation and thereby eliminate invading bacteria; interestingly, exploits this effect to promote its own survival. A better understanding of the dynamics of metabolism within immune cells together with the specific features that contribute to the pathogenesis of tuberculosis (TB) may suggest potential host-directed therapeutic targets for promoting clearance of and limiting its survival .
与宿主免疫细胞有着复杂而微妙的相互作用。能够在巨噬细胞中存活、持续存在和生长，从而逃避先天免疫系统的检测。最近，免疫代谢领域的研究重点关注代谢与免疫功能之间的联系，使我们对代谢在调节免疫功能中的作用有了更深入的了解。例如，宿主免疫细胞在受到感染时可以从氧化磷酸化切换到糖酵解，这一现象被称为瓦博格效应。在这种状态下，免疫细胞能够放大产生抗菌促炎介质的能力，这些介质对于消除细菌至关重要。此外，经历瓦博格效应的细胞上调一氧化氮的产生，增加生物活性脂质的合成。在这篇综述中，我们描述了我们对瓦博格效应的现有理解，并讨论了它在促进宿主对的免疫反应中的作用。在大多数情况下，免疫细胞利用瓦博格效应来促进炎症，从而消除入侵的细菌；有趣的是，利用这种效应来促进自身的存活。更好地了解免疫细胞内代谢的动态以及导致结核病（TB）发病机制的特定特征，可能为促进清除并限制其存活提供潜在的宿主导向治疗靶点。
