Nalla Amarnadh, Ringholm Lene, Sørensen Susanne Nørskov, Damm Peter, Mathiesen Elisabeth Reinhardt, Nielsen Jens Høiriis
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Center for Pregnant Women with Diabetes, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Heliyon. 2020 Aug 19;6(8):e04569. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04569. eCollection 2020 Aug.
Pregnancy is known to be associated with an increased demand for insulin that is normally compensated by an increased beta cell mass and insulin secretion. Recent studies have suggested enhanced beta cell function during pregnancy in women with type 1 diabetes (T1D). To explore the possible mechanisms behind enhanced beta cell function during pregnancy in women with T1D we investigated the impact of circulating factors in serum from nine women from each group of pregnant women with and without T1D, after pregnancy and non-diabetic non-pregnant women on rat islet cell proliferation and apoptosis, and on T-lymphocyte activation. In addition, circulating levels of pancreatic hormones and selected cytokines and adipokines were measured. Rat islet cell proliferation was higher in serum from pregnant women with T1D (p < 0.05) compared to T1D women after pregnancy. Apoptosis in INS-1E cell was lower (p < 0.05) in serum from pregnant women with T1D compared to T1D women after pregnancy. T-lymphocyte cell (Jurkat) proliferation was reduced by serum from pregnant women without T1D only (p < 0.05). Higher C-peptide levels and lower levels of ghrelin, IL-6, MCP-1, IL-8 and adipsin were observed in pregnant women with T1D compared to T1D women after pregnancy. In conclusion, the improved beta cell function in women with T1D during pregnancy may be due to lower levels of proinflammatory cytokines and/or higher levels of pregnancy-associated growth factors.
众所周知，怀孕与胰岛素需求增加有关，而胰岛素需求增加通常会通过β细胞量增加和胰岛素分泌增加来代偿。最近的研究表明，1型糖尿病（T1D）女性在怀孕期间β细胞功能增强。为了探究T1D女性怀孕期间β细胞功能增强背后的可能机制，我们研究了患有和未患有T1D的孕妇、产后女性以及非糖尿病非孕妇血清中的循环因子对大鼠胰岛细胞增殖、凋亡以及T淋巴细胞活化的影响。此外，还测量了胰腺激素以及选定的细胞因子和脂肪因子的循环水平。与产后T1D女性相比，患有T1D的孕妇血清中的大鼠胰岛细胞增殖更高（p<0.05）。与产后T1D女性相比，患有T1D的孕妇血清中INS-1E细胞的凋亡更低（p<0.05）。仅未患有T1D的孕妇血清可降低T淋巴细胞（Jurkat）增殖（p<0.05）。与产后T1D女性相比，患有T1D的孕妇C肽水平更高，而胃饥饿素、IL-6、MCP-1、IL-8和脂联素水平更低。总之，T1D女性在怀孕期间β细胞功能改善可能是由于促炎细胞因子水平较低和/或与妊娠相关的生长因子水平较高。
