Vorinostat-loaded titanium oxide nanoparticles (anatase) induce G2/M cell cycle arrest in breast cancer cells via upregulation.

Breast cancer is a group of diseases in which cells divide out of controlled, typically resulting in a mass. Erlotinib is targeted cancer drug which functions as an inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase. It is used mainly to treat of non-small cell lung cancer patients and has an action against pancreatic cancer. Vorinostat ( suberanilohydroxamic acid) is an inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDAC), which has an epigenetic modulation activity. It is used to treat cutaneous T cell lymphoma. In the present study, the erlotinib (ERL) and vorinostat (SAHA) loaded TiO nanoparticles (NPs) were used for the treatment of the breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7) and human cancerous amniotic cells (WISH). Cell count and viability were negatively affected in all treatments compared to normal cells and bare TiO NPs. Apoptosis results indicated a significant increase in the total apoptosis in all treatments compared with control cells. ERL- and SAHA-loaded TiO NPs treatments arrested breast cancer cells at G2/M phase, which indicate the cytotoxic effect of these treatment. Partner and localizer of () gene expression was assessed using qPCR. The results indicate that was upregulated in ERL- and SAHA-loaded TiO NPs compared with control cells and can be used as nanocarrier for chemotherapy drugs. However, this conclusion necessitates further confirmative investigation.