AlEissa Sami Ibrahim, Alhandi Ali Abdullah, Bugis Ahad Abdullah, Alsalamah Raghad Khalid, Alsheddi Abdulellah, Almubarak Abdulaziz Khalid, AlAssiri Suhail Saad, Konbaz Faisal MohammedSaleh
Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopedics, King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Health Affaires, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Collage of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
J Craniovertebr Junction Spine. 2020 Apr-Jun;11(2):71-74. doi: 10.4103/jcvjs.JCVJS_28_20. Epub 2020 Jun 5.
Cervical spine injury is the most common vertebral injury after major trauma, 20% of all cervical fractures happen to be odontoid fractures. In young adults, odontoid fracture usually happens as a result of high-energy trauma after a motor vehicle accident (MVA). MVA in Riyadh represents 38.4% of all trauma cases, in which the head-and-neck are the most injured body parts. This research aims to provide information about the incidence of odontoid process fracture post-MVA in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
The design of this study was retrospective. A single level one trauma center database (trauma registry) was used to identify odontoid fractures post-MVA. All trauma cases from 2008 to the most recent were included, a total of 17,047 patients, to identify cervical spine fractures and further identify odontoid fracture incidence. The patients' radiographs were reviewed retrospectively, and odontoid fractures were classified by a board-certified spine surgeon. A descriptive analysis was carried out to report basic data distribution. Pearson's correlation was carried out to assess associations.
A total number of cervical spine fracture was 1195 patients (6.6% of the total sample). The incidence of odontoid fractures during the entire study period from 2008 to 2018 was 42 of 480 patients with C2 cervical trauma, constituting 8.75% C2 fractures, and 3.5% of cervical spine fractures. The mean age was 41.75 ± 18 years. There were three patients (onemale, two females) with type I odontoid fracture, 26 (all males) with type II, and 13 (11 males, 2 females) with type III. Most patients were managed conservatively (83.33%), whereas 16.67% underwent surgical management.
The incidence of posttraumatic odontoid fractures is low, given the younger population of this study. This does not predict future incidence rates with the continued improvement of road traffic laws and awareness in the population.
颈椎损伤是重大创伤后最常见的椎体损伤，所有颈椎骨折中20%为齿突骨折。在年轻成年人中，齿突骨折通常是机动车事故（MVA）后高能创伤的结果。利雅得的机动车事故占所有创伤病例的38.4%，其中头颈部是最易受伤的身体部位。本研究旨在提供沙特阿拉伯利雅得机动车事故后齿突骨折发生率的相关信息。
本研究设计为回顾性研究。使用单一的一级创伤中心数据库（创伤登记处）来识别机动车事故后的齿突骨折。纳入2008年至最近的所有创伤病例，共17047例患者，以识别颈椎骨折并进一步确定齿突骨折发生率。对患者的X线片进行回顾性分析，齿突骨折由一名获得委员会认证的脊柱外科医生进行分类。进行描述性分析以报告基本数据分布。采用Pearson相关性分析来评估关联。
颈椎骨折患者总数为1195例（占总样本的6.6%）。在2008年至2018年的整个研究期间，480例C2颈椎创伤患者中有42例发生齿突骨折，占C2骨折的8.75%，占颈椎骨折的3.5%。平均年龄为41.75±18岁。有3例（1例男性，2例女性）为I型齿突骨折，26例（均为男性）为II型，13例（11例男性，2例女性）为III型。大多数患者采用保守治疗（83.33%），而16.67%接受了手术治疗。
鉴于本研究中患者较为年轻，创伤后齿突骨折的发生率较低。但随着道路交通法规的持续完善和民众意识的提高，这并不能预测未来的发生率。
