Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
J Infect Dis. 2020 Nov 9;222(11):1798-1806. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa575.
During April and May 2020, we studied 20 patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), their hospital rooms (fomites and aerosols), and their close contacts for molecular and culture evidence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Among >400 samples, we found molecular evidence of virus in most sample types, especially the nasopharyngeal (NP), saliva, and fecal samples, but the prevalence of molecular positivity among fomites and aerosols was low. The agreement between NP swab and saliva positivity was high (89.5%; κ = 0.79). Two NP swabs collected from patients on days 1 and 7 post-symptom onset had evidence of infectious virus (2 passages over 14 days in Vero E6 cells). In summary, the low molecular prevalence and lack of viable SARS-CoV-2 virus in fomites and air samples implied low nosocomial risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission through inanimate objects or aerosols.
在 2020 年 4 月和 5 月，我们研究了 20 名因 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）住院的患者、他们的病房（污染物和飞沫）以及他们的密切接触者，以寻找严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）的分子和培养证据。在 >400 个样本中，我们发现大多数样本类型都存在病毒的分子证据，特别是鼻咽（NP）、唾液和粪便样本，但污染物和飞沫中的分子阳性率较低。NP 拭子和唾液阳性之间的一致性很高（89.5%；κ=0.79）。从症状出现后第 1 天和第 7 天采集的 2 名患者的 NP 拭子中，有感染性病毒的证据（在 Vero E6 细胞中传代 2 次，持续 14 天）。总之，污染物和空气样本中分子阳性率低且缺乏有活力的 SARS-CoV-2 病毒，这意味着通过无生命物体或飞沫传播 SARS-CoV-2 的院内感染风险较低。
