Ahmed Sonia T, Yang Chul-Ju
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Suncheon, Jeonnam 540-950, Republic of Korea.
J Poult Sci. 2017 Apr 25;54(2):157-166. doi: 10.2141/jpsa.0160116.
The fruit L. has been used for years in traditional medicine owing to the presence of several phytobiotics with antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties. This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with L. by-products (PGB) on performance, immunity, intestinal and excreta microflora, and odorous gas emissions from excreta of broiler chickens. Three experimental diets containing 0, 0.5 and 1.0% PGB were fed to 240 one-day-old broiler chicks until 35 days. Dietary PGB linearly reduced the average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio of broilers. Supplementation with 1% PGB led to a linear increase in the relative weight of the spleen and bursa of Fabricius. The concentration of serum IgA and IgG increased linearly in response to dietary PGB. In the ileal digesta, the concentration of increased linearly and quadratically in response to dietary PGB. Moreover, dietary PGB led to a linear decrease in and spp. alongside reducing the pH of the ileal digesta. In the cecal digesta, the concentration of bacteria increased linearly in response to both levels of dietary PGB, while the concentrations of and decreased when the diet was supplemented with 1% PGB, as did cecal pH. At 35 day, both levels of PGB increased the concentration of fecal , whereas only 1% PGB increased the concentration of at 21 day. Increasing levels of PGB induce a linear reduction in fecal at 21 and 35 day, whereas only at 21 day. Regarding the average of 48 h, dietary PGB effectively reduced the emissions of ammonia and methanethiol from broiler excreta. In conclusion, the results suggest that, dietary PGB improved immunity and the intestinal microbial ecosystem of broilers along with reduced odorous gas emissions from excreta.
多年来，由于果实L.中含有多种具有抗菌和免疫调节特性的植物生物活性物质，因此一直被用于传统医学。本研究调查了在肉鸡日粮中添加L.副产品（PGB）对其生产性能、免疫力、肠道和排泄物微生物群以及排泄物中臭气排放的影响。将含有0%、0.5%和1.0%PGB的三种实验日粮喂给240只1日龄的肉鸡雏鸡，直至35日龄。日粮中的PGB线性降低了肉鸡的平均日采食量和饲料转化率。添加1%的PGB导致法氏囊和脾脏相对重量呈线性增加。血清IgA和IgG的浓度随着日粮中PGB的增加而呈线性增加。在回肠消化物中，随着日粮中PGB的增加，其浓度呈线性和二次方增加。此外，日粮中的PGB导致大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌数量呈线性减少，同时降低了回肠消化物的pH值。在盲肠消化物中，两种水平的日粮PGB均使双歧杆菌浓度呈线性增加，而添加1%PGB时，大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌浓度以及盲肠pH值均降低。在35日龄时，两种水平的PGB均增加了粪便中乳酸菌的浓度，而在21日龄时，只有1%的PGB增加了其浓度。在21日龄和35日龄时，PGB水平的增加导致粪便中大肠杆菌数量呈线性减少，而仅在21日龄时导致产气荚膜梭菌数量减少。在48小时的平均值方面，日粮中的PGB有效降低了肉鸡排泄物中氨和甲硫醇的排放。总之，结果表明，日粮中的PGB改善了肉鸡的免疫力和肠道微生物生态系统，同时减少了排泄物中的臭气排放。
