Boussana Alain, Galy Olivier, Le Gallais Daniel, Hue Olivier
Department Higher Institute of Physical and Sports Education, University Marien Ngouabi, Brazzaville, Congo.
Department Sciences and Techniques of Physical and Sports Activities, University Antilles Guyane, Pointe à Pitre Cedex, France.
J Exerc Rehabil. 2020 Aug 25;16(4):356-362. doi: 10.12965/jer.2040518.259. eCollection 2020 Aug.
High-intensity exercise, marathons, and long distances triathlons have been shown to induce the fatigue of respiratory muscles (RMs). Never-theless, fatigue and the recovery period have not been studied in re-sponse of an Olympic distance triathlon (1.5-km swim, 40-km bike, 10-km run: short-distance triathlon). The aim of this study was to evaluate the RM fatigue induced by an Olympic distance triathlon. Nine male triath-letes (24±1.1 years) underwent spirometric testing and the assessment of RM performance. Respiratory function tests were conducted in sit-ting position. Spirometric parameters, maximal inspiratory and expirato-ry pressures, and RM endurance assessed by measuring the time limit were evaluated before (pre-T), after (post-T), and the day following the triathlon (post-T-24 hr). Residual volume increased: pre-T vs. post-T (<0.002), maximal inspiratory pressure significantly decreased from 127.4±17.2 (pre-T) to 121.6±18.5 cmHO (post-T) (<0.001) and returned to the pre-T value 24 hr after the race (125.0±18.6). RM endurance sig-nificantly decreased from 4:51±0:8 (pre-T) to 3:13±0:7 min (post-T, < 0.001) and then remained decreased for 24 hr after the race from 4:51± 0:8 (pre-T) to 3:39±0:4 min 24 hr after (<0.002). Both, strength and en-durance of inspiratory muscles decrease after Olympic distance triath-lon. Furthermore, the impaired of inspiratory muscle endurance 24 hr after the race suggested a slow recovery and persistence of inspiratory muscle fatigue.
高强度运动、马拉松和长距离铁人三项已被证明会导致呼吸肌疲劳。然而，针对奥运距离铁人三项（1.5公里游泳、40公里自行车、10公里跑步：短距离铁人三项）引起的疲劳及恢复阶段尚未进行研究。本研究的目的是评估奥运距离铁人三项引起的呼吸肌疲劳。九名男性铁人三项运动员（24±1.1岁）接受了肺活量测试和呼吸肌功能评估。呼吸功能测试在坐姿下进行。在铁人三项赛前（T前）、赛后（T后）以及赛后一天（T后24小时）评估肺活量参数、最大吸气和呼气压力以及通过测量时间限制评估的呼吸肌耐力。残气量增加：T前与T后相比（<0.002），最大吸气压力从127.4±17.2（T前）显著降至121.6±18.5厘米水柱（T后）（<0.001），并在赛后24小时恢复到T前值（125.0±18.6）。呼吸肌耐力从4:51±0:8（T前）显著降至3:13±0:7分钟（T后，<0.001），然后在赛后24小时内持续下降，从4:51±0:8（T前）降至3:39±0:4分钟（赛后24小时，<0.002）。奥运距离铁人三项赛后吸气肌的力量和耐力均下降。此外，赛后24小时吸气肌耐力受损表明吸气肌疲劳恢复缓慢且持续存在。
