Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Hospital of Qiqihaer City, 30 Gongyuan Road, Longsha District, Qiqihaer, 161005, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
Department of Orthopedic Surgery and BME-Campbell Clinic, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 956 Court Ave, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz). 2020 Sep 10;68(5):28. doi: 10.1007/s00005-020-00592-4.
Osteoarthritis (OA), which is characterized mainly by cartilage degradation, is the most prevalent joint disorder worldwide. Although OA is identified as a major cause of joint pain, disability, and socioeconomic burden, the etiology of OA is still not clearly known. Recently, gene microarray analysis has become an efficient method for the research of complex diseases and has been employed to determine what genes and pathways are involved in the pathological process of OA. In this review, OA study results over the last decade are summarized for gene expression profiling of various tissues, such as cartilage, subchondral bone, and synovium in human OA and mouse OA models. Many differentially expressed genes, which mainly involve matrix metabolism, bone turnover, and inflammation pathways, were identified in diseased compared with "normal" tissues. Nevertheless, rare common genes were reported from studies using different tissue sources, microarray chips, and research designs. Thus, future novel and carefully designed microarray studies are required to elucidate underlying genetic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of OA as well as new directions for potential OA-targeted pharmaceutical therapies.
骨关节炎（OA）主要表现为软骨降解，是全球最常见的关节疾病。尽管 OA 被认为是关节疼痛、残疾和社会经济负担的主要原因，但 OA 的病因仍不清楚。最近，基因微阵列分析已成为研究复杂疾病的有效方法，并已被用于确定哪些基因和途径参与 OA 的病理过程。在这篇综述中，总结了过去十年中在人类 OA 和小鼠 OA 模型的各种组织（如软骨、软骨下骨和滑膜）中进行的 OA 基因表达谱研究结果。与“正常”组织相比，在病变组织中发现了许多差异表达的基因，这些基因主要涉及基质代谢、骨转换和炎症途径。然而，使用不同组织来源、微阵列芯片和研究设计的研究报告很少有共同的基因。因此，需要进行未来新颖且精心设计的微阵列研究，以阐明 OA 发病机制中的潜在遗传机制，并为潜在的 OA 靶向药物治疗指明新方向。
