邻里环境与遗传风险对非裔美国成年人腰围的交互作用：一项纵向研究。

Interaction of Neighborhood and Genetic Risk on Waist Circumference in African-American Adults: A Longitudinal Study.

机构信息

Department of Psychology, Barnwell College, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.

Department of Mental Health, Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA.

出版信息

Ann Behav Med. 2021 Jul 22;55(8):708-719. doi: 10.1093/abm/kaaa063.

DOI:10.1093/abm/kaaa063

PMID:32914830

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8311785/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Understanding determinants of metabolic risk has become a national priority given the increasingly high prevalence rate of this condition among U.S. adults.

PURPOSE

This study's aim was to assess the impact of gene-by-neighborhood social environment interactions on waist circumference (WC) as a primary marker of metabolic risk in underserved African-American adults. Based on a dual-risk model, it was hypothesized that those with the highest genetic risk and who experienced negative neighborhood environment conditions would demonstrate higher WC than those with fewer risk factors.

METHODS

This study utilized a subsample of participants from the Positive Action for Today's Health environmental intervention to improve access and safety for walking in higher-crime neighborhoods, who were willing to provide buccal swab samples for genotyping stress-related genetic pathways. Assessments were conducted with 228 African-American adults at baseline, 12, 18, and 24 months.

RESULTS

Analyses indicated three significant gene-by-environment interactions on WC outcomes within the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) genetic pathway. Two interactions supported the dual-risk hypotheses, including the SNS genetic risk-by-neighborhood social life interaction (b = -0.11, t(618) = -2.02, p = .04), and SNS genetic risk-by-informal social control interaction (b = -0.51, t(618) = -1.95, p = .05) on WC outcomes. These interactions indicated that higher genetic risk and lower social-environmental supports were associated with higher WC. There was also one significant SNS genetic risk-by-neighborhood satisfaction interaction (b = 1.48, t(618) = 2.23, p = .02) on WC that was inconsistent with the dual-risk pattern.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings indicate that neighborhood and genetic factors dually influence metabolic risk and that these relations may be complex and warrant further study.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

NCT01025726.

摘要

背景

鉴于美国成年人中这种疾病的患病率越来越高，了解代谢风险的决定因素已成为国家的当务之急。

目的

本研究旨在评估基因-邻里社会环境相互作用对腰围（WC）的影响，WC 是代谢风险的主要标志物，研究对象为服务不足的非裔美国成年人。基于双重风险模型，研究假设那些遗传风险最高且所处邻里环境较差的人，其 WC 会高于那些危险因素较少的人。

方法

本研究利用“积极行动今天的健康”环境干预的参与者子样本，该干预旨在改善进入高犯罪率社区的机会并提高安全性，以促进步行，这些参与者愿意提供口腔拭子样本进行基因分型以评估应激相关基因途径。在基线、12、18 和 24 个月时对 228 名非裔美国成年人进行了评估。

结果

分析表明，交感神经系统（SNS）基因途径的 WC 结果存在三个具有统计学意义的基因-环境相互作用。有两个相互作用支持双重风险假设，包括 SNS 遗传风险-邻里社会生活相互作用（b = -0.11，t(618) = -2.02，p =.04）和 SNS 遗传风险-非正式社会控制相互作用（b = -0.51，t(618) = -1.95，p =.05），这表明较高的遗传风险和较低的社会环境支持与较高的 WC 相关。还有一个 SNS 遗传风险-邻里满意度相互作用（b = 1.48，t(618) = 2.23，p =.02）在 WC 上与双重风险模式不一致。