Department of Nutritional Sciences & Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Department of Health Sciences, CNHS, 144534 Abu Dhabi, UAE.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Sep 9;17(18):6575. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186575.
The prevalence of sarcopenic obesity is increasing in older adults (>65 years) and older. Sarcopenic obesity is also related to reduced muscle synthesis, due to low physical activity levels. The purpose of the present study is to investigate possible risk factors, and effects of habitual activity status on different types of obesity in an elderly population.
One hundred and two (n = 102) free living participants, aged >60 years, were randomly selected from Rehabilitation Centers for the Elderly in Thessaloniki and from municipal gymnasiums of Thessaloniki, Greece with a mean age of 68.11 ± 6.40 years. The response rate of the participants was 51%. For the purpose of this study, all the participants selected were healthy and did not receive any medication. Specifically, 46 subjects (19 men and 27 women) were members of Rehabilitation Centers for the Elderly in Thessaloniki, while 56 individuals (31 men and 25 women were members of the municipal gymnasiums of Thessaloniki and exercised 2 to 3 times per week). Anthropometric measurements were taken for all subjects. Body composition was assessed with bioelectrical impedance. Body Mass Index (BMI) was categorized according to the World Health Organization (WHO) (2000) standards. Central obesity was defined as a waist circumference of >102 cm in men and >88 cm in women. All participants completed a specific questionnaire regarding their health status, physical activity and previous weight status. Risk of sarcopenic obesity was diagnosed in the participants with co-existing sarcopenia and obesity resulting in high fat mass concurrent with low lean body mass.
Women had more than double risk of developing abdominal obesity (OR:2.133, 95% CI: 0.963-4.725) compared to men. More specifically, 69.6% of the elders who did not exercise regularly had central obesity (men: 52.6% and women: 81.5%), while 38.2% of the exercised elders (men: 36.7% and women: 40%) had central obesity. Sedentary elders demonstrated an increased risk of obesity according to body fat (%BF) (OR: 1.259, 95% CI: 0.576-2.750), double the risk of obesity according to body mass (OR: 2.074, 95% CI: 0.765-5.622), and triple the risk of having central obesity (OR: 3.701, 95% CI: 1.612-8.494) compared to those who exercised. Conclusion Exercise appears to have a protective role against all modes of obesity and thus possibly against obesity-related co-morbidities in the elderly.
在老年人（>65 岁）和老年人中，肌肉减少性肥胖的患病率正在增加。肌肉减少性肥胖也与低身体活动水平导致的肌肉合成减少有关。本研究的目的是调查可能的危险因素，并研究习惯性活动状态对老年人群中不同类型肥胖的影响。
从希腊塞萨洛尼基的康复中心和塞萨洛尼基市的健身房随机抽取 102 名（n=102）年龄>60 岁的自由生活参与者，平均年龄为 68.11±6.40 岁。参与者的回复率为 51%。为了进行本研究，所有选定的参与者均健康，未服用任何药物。具体而言，46 名参与者（19 名男性和 27 名女性）为塞萨洛尼基康复中心的成员，而 56 名参与者（31 名男性和 25 名女性）为塞萨洛尼基市健身房的成员，每周锻炼 2-3 次。对所有参与者进行了人体测量。通过生物电阻抗评估身体成分。根据世界卫生组织（WHO）（2000 年）标准，将体重指数（BMI）分类。腰围>102cm 的男性和腰围>88cm 的女性定义为中心性肥胖。所有参与者都填写了一份关于他们健康状况、身体活动和以前体重状况的特定问卷。通过共存的肌肉减少症和肥胖症导致高脂肪量与低瘦体重并存，诊断出肌肉减少性肥胖的风险。
与男性相比，女性患腹部肥胖的风险高出两倍多（OR：2.133，95%CI：0.963-4.725）。更具体地说，69.6%的不经常运动的老年人存在中心性肥胖（男性：52.6%，女性：81.5%），而 38.2%的运动老年人（男性：36.7%，女性：40%）存在中心性肥胖。久坐不动的老年人肥胖的风险更高，根据体脂肪（%BF）（OR：1.259，95%CI：0.576-2.750），肥胖的风险是根据体重（OR：2.074，95%CI：0.765-5.622）增加两倍，而中心性肥胖的风险增加三倍（OR：3.701，95%CI：1.612-8.494）与运动的老年人相比。结论：运动似乎对所有肥胖模式都具有保护作用，因此可能对老年人的肥胖相关合并症具有保护作用。
