School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia.
Psychooncology. 2021 Feb;30(2):221-230. doi: 10.1002/pon.5553. Epub 2020 Sep 23.
Interventions to increase physical activity (PA) in cancer survivors have often adopted a "one-size-fits-all" approach and may benefit from being tailored to psychological constructs associated with behavior. The study objective was to investigate the exercise preferences and psychological constructs related to PA among cancer survivors.
Posttreatment colorectal, endometrial, and breast cancer survivors (n = 183) living in metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas completed survey measures of PA, exercise preferences, attitudes, self-efficacy, perceived behavioral control (PBC), and intention toward PA.
A structural equation model with adequate fit and quality indices revealed that instrumental attitude and self-efficacy were related to PA intention. Intention was related to behavior and mediated the relationship between self-efficacy and behavior. Preferred exercise intensity was related to self-efficacy, PBC, attitudes, and intention, while preferred exercise company was related to self-efficacy and PBC. Participants preferred moderate-intensity PA (71%), specifically self-paced (52%) walking (65%) in an outdoor environment (58%).
Since instrumental attitude and self-efficacy were associated with PA, incorporating persuasive communications targeting attitudes in PA interventions may promote PA participation. As cancer survivors who prefer low-intensity exercise and exercising with others report lower self-efficacy and PBC, interventions targeting confidence and successful experience in this group may also be warranted.
增加癌症幸存者身体活动（PA）的干预措施通常采用“一刀切”的方法，可能受益于针对与行为相关的心理结构进行调整。本研究旨在探讨癌症幸存者的运动偏好和与 PA 相关的心理结构。
居住在市区和非市区的治疗后结直肠癌、子宫内膜癌和乳腺癌幸存者（n=183）完成了 PA、运动偏好、态度、自我效能感、感知行为控制（PBC）和 PA 意向的调查测量。
具有足够拟合度和质量指数的结构方程模型显示，工具性态度和自我效能感与 PA 意向相关。意向与行为有关，并且中介了自我效能感和行为之间的关系。偏好的运动强度与自我效能感、PBC、态度和意向有关，而偏好的运动伙伴与自我效能感和 PBC 有关。参与者更喜欢中等强度的 PA（71%），特别是户外环境中（58%）自我调节（52%）的步行（65%）。
由于工具性态度和自我效能感与 PA 相关，因此在 PA 干预措施中纳入针对态度的有说服力的沟通可能会促进 PA 的参与。由于喜欢低强度运动和与他人一起运动的癌症幸存者报告自我效能感和 PBC 较低，针对该群体的信心和成功经验的干预措施也可能是必要的。
