Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, 55 Harbord Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2W6, Canada.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2018 Jun 7;15(1):48. doi: 10.1186/s12966-018-0680-6.
Physical activity (PA) participation and adherence among cancer survivors is low, despite research indicating numerous physical, psychological and emotional health benefits of exercise. Tailoring exercise programs specific to the PA preferences in cancer survivors has merit for increasing PA participation and adherence to accrue these benefits. This systematic review identifies and differentiates PA programming and counseling preferences of adult cancer survivors across various cancer survivor groups.
PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Web of Science and CINAHL were electronically searched (inception to Oct 2017) and articles were identified using PRISMA guidelines. Two reviewers independently assessed identified articles to determine eligibility and then individually performed a quality assessment on all final studies. Extracted and analyzed data included participant characteristics, interest in exercise counseling and programming, as well as specific exercise and counseling preferences (e.g. location, timing, intensity).
Forty-one articles were included in this systematic review. Most studies assessed mixed cancer survivor groups or breast cancer survivors. Most cancer survivors felt able and interested in participating in a PA program, though starting a PA program after or before treatment was preferred. Walking was the strongest PA modality preference, and most cancer survivors preferred moderate intensity PA. Cancer survivors also indicated preferences for home-based PA that could take place in the morning. Slight preferences were found towards physical activity counseling delivered by a fitness expert from a cancer center. Both quantitative and qualitative studies were found to be of moderate to high quality based on the Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS) and the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ), respectively.
Cancer survivors have an interest in participating in PA programs with walking as the primary modality. Additionally, morning-based PA programs that can be tapered to home-based programs are desirable. However, there was wide variation in other PA preference variables, suggesting multiple program options would be beneficial. Many cancer survivors felt interested and able to participate in PA, and therefore designing PA programs that are tailored to cancer survivors is integral for optimizing recruitment and adherence, as well as enhancing health outcomes in cancer survivors.
尽管研究表明运动对身体、心理和情绪健康有诸多益处，但癌症幸存者的身体活动（PA）参与度和坚持度仍然较低。针对癌症幸存者的 PA 偏好制定专门的运动方案有助于提高 PA 参与度和坚持度，从而获得这些益处。本系统评价旨在确定并区分不同癌症幸存者群体中成年癌症幸存者的 PA 方案和咨询偏好。
通过电子检索 PubMed、SPORTDiscus、Scopus、PsycINFO、EMBASE、Web of Science 和 CINAHL（从建库到 2017 年 10 月），并按照 PRISMA 指南筛选文章。两名评审员独立评估纳入的文章以确定其是否符合纳入标准，然后对所有最终研究进行个体质量评估。提取和分析的数据包括参与者特征、对运动咨询和方案的兴趣，以及特定的运动和咨询偏好（如地点、时间、强度）。
本系统评价共纳入 41 篇文章。大多数研究评估了混合癌症幸存者群体或乳腺癌幸存者。大多数癌症幸存者认为自己有能力且有兴趣参与 PA 项目，尽管他们更倾向于在治疗后或治疗前开始 PA 项目。散步是最受欢迎的 PA 方式，大多数癌症幸存者更喜欢中等强度的 PA。癌症幸存者还表示，他们希望能在家中进行晨练，且希望能在家中进行强度适中的运动。他们还稍微倾向于接受由癌症中心的健身专家提供的运动咨询。基于横断面研究评估工具（AXIS）和定性研究报告的统一标准（COREQ），分别有定量和定性研究被评为具有中等到高度的质量。
癌症幸存者有兴趣参与以散步为主要方式的 PA 项目。此外，他们还希望晨练方案能够逐渐过渡到家庭方案。然而，其他 PA 偏好变量存在广泛差异，这表明需要提供多种方案选择。许多癌症幸存者表示有兴趣且有能力参与 PA，因此，为癌症幸存者量身定制 PA 方案对于优化招募和坚持度以及提高癌症幸存者的健康结果至关重要。
