SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities in Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland.
Appl Psychol Health Well Being. 2021 Feb;13(1):174-194. doi: 10.1111/aphw.12225. Epub 2020 Sep 13.
According to social cognitive theory and socio-ecological models, self-efficacy and temptation-related self-regulation (the use of distraction or suppression) are modifiable predictors of health behaviors, such as food intake. Yet, there is limited evidence explaining how these factors are interlinked among parent-child dyads. This study investigated indirect effects of parental and child self-efficacy on food intake, via parental and child self-regulation.
The prospective study (the baseline [T1] and the 10-month follow-up [T2]) enrolled 924 parent-child dyads (1,848 individuals; 54.3% girls, aged 5-11 years, 88.9% mothers). Dyads were interviewed or completed self-report measures. Path analyses with maximum likelihood estimation were conducted.
Child self-efficacy and distraction (T1) mediated between parental self-efficacy (T1) and higher levels of child fruit and vegetable intake (T2). No significant mediating effects of suppression were found, nor indirect effects of parental self-efficacy (T1) on energy-dense food intake (T2).
Health promotion interventions aiming at changing fruit and vegetable intake among 5-11-year-old children should target enhancing parental and child self-efficacy that may facilitate the use of self-regulation and, in turn, healthy diet.
根据社会认知理论和社会生态模型，自我效能感和与诱惑相关的自我调节（使用分心或抑制）是可改变的健康行为预测因素，例如食物摄入。然而，关于这些因素如何在亲子二人组中相互关联的证据有限。本研究调查了父母和孩子的自我效能感通过父母和孩子的自我调节对食物摄入的间接影响。
这项前瞻性研究（基线[T1]和 10 个月随访[T2]）纳入了 924 对亲子二人组（1848 人；54.3%女孩，年龄 5-11 岁，88.9%母亲）。二人组接受了访谈或完成了自我报告的测量。使用最大似然估计进行路径分析。
孩子的自我效能感和分心（T1）在父母的自我效能感（T1）和孩子水果和蔬菜摄入量更高之间（T2）起到了中介作用。未发现抑制的显著中介作用，也未发现父母自我效能感（T1）对能量密集型食物摄入（T2）的间接影响。
旨在改变 5-11 岁儿童水果和蔬菜摄入量的健康促进干预措施应针对增强父母和孩子的自我效能感，这可能有助于使用自我调节，进而促进健康饮食。
