George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2020 Oct 14;12(41):46963-46971. doi: 10.1021/acsami.0c13102. Epub 2020 Oct 2.
Biological cells often interact with the environment through carpets of microscopic hair-like cilia. These elastic structures are known to beat in a synchronized wavy fashion called metachronal motion to produce fluid transport. Metachronal motion emerges due to a phase difference between beating cycles of neighboring cilia and appears as traveling waves propagating along the ciliary carpet. We demonstrate submerged in water microscale magnetic cilia that are externally actuated to beat in a metachronal fashion. Two approaches are used to induce coordinated phase differences among the beating cilia. In the first case, we fabricate cilia with an imposed gradient of geometrical properties that are subject to a rotating uniform magnetic field. In the second scenario, a ciliary array is composed of identical cilia that experience a magnetic field that varies spatiotemporally. We demonstrate that magnetic cilia can achieve symplectic, antiplectic, and leoplectic metachrony.
生物细胞通常通过微观毛发状纤毛的地毯与环境相互作用。这些弹性结构以称为行波运动的同步波状方式拍打，以产生流体输送。行波运动是由于相邻纤毛的拍打周期之间存在相位差而出现的，表现为沿纤毛地毯传播的行波。我们展示了在水下微尺度磁性纤毛，这些纤毛通过外部激励以行波运动的方式拍打。有两种方法可用于诱导拍打纤毛之间的协调相位差。在第一种情况下，我们制造了具有受旋转均匀磁场影响的几何特性梯度的纤毛。在第二种情况下，纤毛阵列由经历时空变化的磁场的相同纤毛组成。我们证明了磁性纤毛可以实现辛、反辛和勒奥皮lectic 行波同步。
