Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation.
School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Mol Diagn Ther. 2020 Dec;24(6):683-702. doi: 10.1007/s40291-020-00491-6.
Mesenchymal stem cells are a promising tool in regenerative medicine, and their functions can be enhanced through genetic modification. Recent advances in genetic engineering provide several methods that enable gene delivery to mesenchymal stem cells. However, it remains to be decided whether genetic modification of mesenchymal stem cells by vectors carrying reporter or therapeutic genes leads to adverse effects on morphology, phenotypic profiles, and viability of transplanted cells. In this regard, we focus on the description of genetic modification methods of mesenchymal stem cells, their effectiveness, and the impact on phenotype/cell behavior/proliferation and the differentiation ability of these cells in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we compare the main effects of genetically modified mesenchymal stem cells with native mesenchymal stem cells when applied in the therapy of neurological diseases.
间充质干细胞是再生医学中一种有前途的工具，通过遗传修饰可以增强其功能。遗传工程的最新进展提供了几种方法，可以将基因递送到间充质干细胞中。然而，仍然需要确定携带报告基因或治疗基因的载体对间充质干细胞的遗传修饰是否会对移植细胞的形态、表型特征和活力产生不利影响。在这方面，我们重点描述了间充质干细胞的遗传修饰方法、它们的有效性以及对这些细胞在体外和体内的表型/细胞行为/增殖和分化能力的影响。此外，我们比较了在神经疾病治疗中应用的遗传修饰间充质干细胞与天然间充质干细胞的主要影响。
