Department of Counseling, Health, and Kinesiology, College of Education and Human Development, Texas A&M University-San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
Department of Special Education, Dankook University, Gyeonggi-do Yongin-si, Suji-gu, Jukjeon-ro, South Korea.
Phys Sportsmed. 2021 Sep;49(3):308-315. doi: 10.1080/00913847.2020.1824536. Epub 2020 Sep 29.
The purpose of this study was to reveal the relationship between rapid weight loss and injury patterns during the training of elite wrestlers, expected to represent South Korea.
Since 2019, data for elite wrestlers have been collected prospectively by the Korean Training Center. The data were stratified by sex, wrestling style, weight class, injury location, injuries during the weight-loss period, and weight loss method. The χ2 test was used to compare groups. The risk of injury was indicated by the Poisson rate with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI).
There were 120 male Greco-Roman, 120 male freestyle, and 100 female freestyle wrestling. The mean weight loss among wrestlers was 5.52 (±1.44) kg, and the mean duration of weight loss was 7.96 (±3.31) days. In general, all wrestlers used similar weight loss methods. We recorded 914 injuries in 340 athletes. Wrestlers had significantly higher injury rates during weight loss periods than during other periods of training (23.18 VS 11.93; p < 0.001). Most injuries occurred in the lower extremities (38.0%), followed by the upper extremities (25.9%), trunk (24.8%), and the head and neck area (11.3%). The injury severity was significantly influenced by sex, wrestling style, and weight class.
Rapid weight loss is related to the incidence of sports injuries in wrestlers. Most injuries occur during rapid weight loss periods in South Korean elite wrestlers. Moreover, the injury site and injury severity depend on sex, wrestling style, and weight class.
本研究旨在揭示韩国重点摔跤运动员训练期间快速减重与损伤类型之间的关系。
自 2019 年以来，韩国训练中心前瞻性地收集了重点摔跤运动员的数据。数据按性别、摔跤风格、体重级别、受伤部位、减重期间的受伤情况和减重方法进行分层。采用 χ2 检验进行组间比较。损伤风险用 95%置信区间（95%CI）表示的泊松率表示。
共有 120 名男子古典摔跤运动员、120 名男子自由式摔跤运动员和 100 名女子自由式摔跤运动员。摔跤运动员的平均减重为 5.52（±1.44）kg，平均减重持续时间为 7.96（±3.31）天。总体而言，所有摔跤运动员均采用类似的减重方法。我们记录了 340 名运动员中的 914 次损伤。减重期间摔跤运动员的损伤发生率明显高于其他训练期间（23.18 VS 11.93；p < 0.001）。大多数损伤发生在下肢（38.0%），其次是上肢（25.9%）、躯干（24.8%）和头颈部（11.3%）。损伤严重程度受性别、摔跤风格和体重级别显著影响。
快速减重与摔跤运动员运动损伤的发生有关。韩国重点摔跤运动员在快速减重期间发生的损伤最多。此外，损伤部位和损伤严重程度取决于性别、摔跤风格和体重级别。
