Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
J Hematol Oncol. 2020 Sep 14;13(1):124. doi: 10.1186/s13045-020-00960-9.
Extrachromosomal circular DNA was recently found to be particularly abundant in multiple human cancer cells, although its frequency varies among different tumor types. Elevated levels of extrachromosomal circular DNA have been considered an effective biomarker of cancer pathogenesis. Multiple reports have demonstrated that the amplification of oncogenes and therapeutic resistance genes located on extrachromosomal DNA is a frequent event that drives intratumoral genetic heterogeneity and provides a potential evolutionary advantage. This review highlights the current understanding of the extrachromosomal circular DNA present in the tissues and circulation of patients with advanced cancers and provides a detailed discussion of their substantial roles in tumor regulation. Confirming the presence of cancer-related extrachromosomal circular DNA would provide a putative testing strategy for the precision diagnosis and treatment of human malignancies in clinical practice.
最近发现，染色体外环状 DNA 在多种人类癌细胞中特别丰富，尽管其在不同肿瘤类型中的频率有所不同。染色体外环状 DNA 水平的升高被认为是癌症发病机制的有效生物标志物。多项研究表明，位于染色体外 DNA 上的癌基因和治疗耐药基因的扩增是驱动肿瘤内遗传异质性的常见事件，并提供了潜在的进化优势。本综述强调了目前对晚期癌症患者组织和循环中存在的染色体外环状 DNA 的理解，并详细讨论了它们在肿瘤调控中的重要作用。确认存在与癌症相关的染色体外环状 DNA 将为临床实践中人类恶性肿瘤的精确诊断和治疗提供一种有前途的检测策略。
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