以染色体外环状 DNA 分类为重点，探讨染色体外 DNA（ecDNA）在肿瘤异质性和进展中的作用。
Classification of extrachromosomal circular DNA with a focus on the role of extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) in tumor heterogeneity and progression.
机构信息
Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Centre, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China; Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Centre, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China; Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
出版信息
Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer. 2020 Aug;1874(1):188392. doi: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188392. Epub 2020 Jul 28.
Although the eukaryotic genome is mainly comprised of linear chromosomal DNA, genes can also be found outside of chromosomes. The unconventional presence of extrachromosomal genes is usually found to be circular, and these structures are named extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA), which are often observed in cancer cells. Various types of eccDNA including small polydispersed DNA (spcDNA), telomeric cirlces, microDNA, etc. have been discovered. Among these eccDNA, extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA), which encompasses the full spectrum of large, gene-containing extrachromosomal particles, has regained great research interest due to recent technological advances such as next-generation sequencing and super-resolution microscopy. In this review, we summarize the different types of eccDNA and discuss the role of eccDNA, especially ecDNA in tumor heterogeneity and progression. Additionally, we discuss some possible future investigative directions related to ecDNA biogenesis and its clinical application.
虽然真核基因组主要由线性染色体 DNA 组成，但基因也存在于染色体之外。染色体外基因的非常规存在通常是圆形的，这些结构被命名为染色体外环状 DNA（eccDNA），在癌细胞中经常观察到。已经发现了各种类型的 eccDNA，包括小的多分散 DNA（spcDNA）、端粒环、microDNA 等。在这些 eccDNA 中，由于下一代测序和超分辨率显微镜等技术的进步，包含全谱大型基因外颗粒的染色体外 DNA（ecDNA）重新引起了极大的研究兴趣。在这篇综述中，我们总结了不同类型的 eccDNA，并讨论了 eccDNA 的作用，特别是 ecDNA 在肿瘤异质性和进展中的作用。此外，我们还讨论了与 ecDNA 发生及其临床应用相关的一些未来研究方向。
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