Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia.
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia.
Int Psychogeriatr. 2021 Apr;33(4):373-383. doi: 10.1017/S1041610220001738. Epub 2020 Sep 15.
To confirm the factor validity of the Compassionate Engagement and Action Scales (CEAS), as set out in the original development study, when used with a sample of family carers of older adults.
A series of confirmatory factor analyses were undertaken to test the previously proposed factor solutions of each scale.
As part of a larger cross-sectional survey, the scales were completed online or via hard copy between July and December 2019.
An international sample of 171 family carers of adults aged 65 years or older.
The CEAS are three measures that individually assess Compassion for Self, Compassion to Others, and Compassion from Others. All scales measure two aspects, "engagement" and "actions" (two-factor solution), and Compassion for Self also measures two further dimensions within engagement: "sensitivity to suffering" and "engagement with suffering" (three-factor solution).
Results were largely consistent with the two-factor solutions proposed for the three orientations of compassion, with acceptable fit and good internal reliability. There was some support for the three-factor solution of Compassion for Self; however, despite model fit comparable to the two-factor solution, internal reliability of the delineated "engagement" dimensions was low, and there was a weak factor loading for item 5 that measured distress tolerance.
Use of the CEAS with family carers of older adults is promising. Further research is recommended with larger samples and to explore distress tolerance as a competency within conceptualization and measurement of compassion.
确认 Compassionate Engagement and Action Scales（CEAS）在原始开发研究中提出的因素有效性，该量表用于老年患者家属样本。
进行了一系列验证性因子分析，以检验每个量表先前提出的因素解决方案。
作为一项大型横断面调查的一部分，于 2019 年 7 月至 12 月期间在线或通过纸质版完成了量表。
171 名年龄在 65 岁或以上的成年患者家属的国际样本。
CEAS 是三个单独评估自我同情、对他人同情和他人同情的量表。所有量表都衡量两个方面，“参与”和“行动”（两因素解决方案），而自我同情还衡量“对痛苦的敏感性”和“与痛苦的参与”（三因素解决方案）内的两个进一步维度。
结果在很大程度上与三个同情方向提出的两因素解决方案一致，具有可接受的拟合度和良好的内部可靠性。自我同情的三因素解决方案得到了一定程度的支持；然而，尽管模型拟合与两因素解决方案相当，但区分“参与”维度的内部可靠性较低，衡量痛苦容忍度的第 5 项的因子负荷较弱。
CEAS 在老年患者家属中的使用具有前景。建议进一步研究，以更大的样本量探索痛苦容忍度，作为同情概念化和测量中的一项能力。
