Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Children's Health Ireland at Temple Street, Dublin, Ireland.
School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed. 2021 Apr;106(2):71-77. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2019-318131. Epub 2020 Sep 14.
Dystonia is a hyperkinetic movement disorder characterised by sustained or intermittent muscle contractions causing abnormal movements, postures or both. Dystonia is a challenging condition to diagnose and treat. Dystonia is often under-recognised in children, particularly in cerebral palsy, and frequently coexists with spasticity. This guide aims to simplify the approach to diagnosis, investigation and treatment of childhood-onset dystonia. The principle of treatment is similar regardless of the underlying aetiology: identification of potential triggers and consideration of both pharmacological and surgical options.
肌张力障碍是一种运动障碍，其特征为持续或间歇性肌肉收缩导致异常运动、姿势或两者兼有。肌张力障碍的诊断和治疗具有挑战性。在儿童中，肌张力障碍往往认识不足，特别是在脑瘫中，且常与痉挛共存。本指南旨在简化儿童起病的肌张力障碍的诊断、检查和治疗方法。无论潜在病因如何，治疗原则都相似：确定潜在的触发因素，并考虑药物和手术治疗方案。
