School of Psychology, Deakin University.
Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital.
J Pediatr Psychol. 2020 Oct 1;45(9):1074-1083. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsaa073.
Mindfulness is defined as paying attention in a particular way: on purpose, in the present moment, and nonjudgmentally and these behaviors can be applied to parenting. Thus far, it is not understood whether mindful parenting (MP) differs in parents of children with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and how MP relates to other parenting practices and children's self-regulation.
This study examined the relationships between MP, parenting behaviors and children's self-regulation in 120 families with child ADHD (85% male; mean age = 11.93) and 105 control families (62% male; mean age = 11.98). Parents completed measures of MP (Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale), parenting behaviors (parenting warmth, consistency, and anger assessed with the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children measures), psychological distress (Kessler 6), and children's self-regulation (Social Skills Improvement System-self-control subscale).
When compared with controls, parents of children with ADHD reported significantly lower MP. Higher MP was associated with lower levels of parent psychological distress, higher levels of parenting warmth and consistency, lower levels of parenting anger, and higher child emotion self-regulation in both groups. In mediation analyses, MP was indirectly associated with child emotion self-regulation through lower parenting anger, with the model accounting for 55% of the variance in child self-regulation.
MP is a useful construct for understanding parent behaviors, and children's emotion self-regulation.
正念被定义为以特定的方式集中注意力：有意地、在当下、不评判，这些行为可以应用于育儿。到目前为止，还不清楚有注意缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）的儿童的父母和没有 ADHD 的儿童的父母的正念育儿（MP）是否存在差异，以及 MP 与其他育儿行为和儿童的自我调节之间的关系如何。
本研究在 120 个 ADHD 儿童家庭（85%为男性；平均年龄=11.93 岁）和 105 个对照家庭（62%为男性；平均年龄=11.98 岁）中考察了 MP、育儿行为和儿童自我调节之间的关系。父母完成了 MP（亲子人际正念量表）、育儿行为（育儿温暖、一致性和愤怒，用澳大利亚儿童纵向研究的测量方法评估）、心理困扰（Kessler 6）和儿童自我调节（社交技能改善系统-自我控制分量表）的测量。
与对照组相比，ADHD 儿童的父母报告的 MP 明显较低。较高的 MP 与父母心理困扰程度较低、育儿温暖和一致性程度较高、育儿愤怒程度较低以及两组儿童情绪自我调节程度较高有关。在中介分析中，MP 通过降低育儿愤怒与儿童情绪自我调节呈间接相关，该模型解释了儿童自我调节 55%的变异。
MP 是理解父母行为和儿童情绪自我调节的有用构念。
