State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2020 Nov;97:180-185. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.04.031. Epub 2020 Jun 7.
Novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) were investigated in Arctic air and soil samples collected from Ny-Ålesund and London Island, Svalbard, during Chinese scientific research expeditions to the Arctic during 2014-2015. The concentrations of ΣNBFRs in the Arctic air and soil were 4.9-8.7 pg/m (average 6.8 pg/m) and 101-201 pg/g dw (average 150 pg/g dw), respectively. The atmospheric concentration of hexabromobenzene (HBB) was significantly correlated with that of pentabromotoluene (PBT) and pentabromobenzene (PBBz), suggesting similar source and environmental fate in the Arctic air. No significant spatial difference was observed among the different sampling sites, both for air and soil samples, indicating that the effects of the scientific research stations on the occurrence of NBFRs in the Arctic were minor. The fugacities from soil to air of pentabromoethylbenzene (PBEB), 2,3-dibromopropyl 2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether (DPTE), and decabromodiphenylethane 1,2-bis (pentabromophenyl) ethane (DBDPE) were lower than the equilibrium value, indicating a nonequilibrium state of these compounds between air and soil, the dominant impact of deposition and the net transport from air to soil. The correlation analysis between the measured and predicted soil-atmosphere coefficients based on the absorption model showed that the impact of the soil organic matter on the distribution of NBFRs in the Arctic region was minor. To the best of our knowledge, this work is one of the limited reports on atmospheric NBFRs in the Arctic and the first study to investigate the occurrence and fate of NBFRs in the Arctic soil.
在 2014-2015 年中国北极科学考察期间，在斯瓦尔巴群岛的新奥尔松和伦敦岛采集了北极空气和土壤样本，研究了其中的新型溴化阻燃剂（NBFRs）。北极空气和土壤中ΣNBFRs 的浓度分别为 4.9-8.7 pg/m（平均值为 6.8 pg/m）和 101-201 pg/g dw（平均值为 150 pg/g dw）。六溴苯（HBB）的大气浓度与五溴甲苯（PBT）和五溴联苯（PBBz）的浓度显著相关，表明它们在北极空气中具有相似的来源和环境归宿。空气和土壤样本在不同采样点之间没有观察到明显的空间差异，表明科研站对北极地区 NBFRs 生成的影响较小。五溴乙基苯（PBEB）、2,3-二溴丙基 2,4,6-三溴苯基醚（DPTE）和十溴二苯乙烷 1,2-双（五溴苯基）乙烷（DBDPE）从土壤到空气的逸度均低于平衡值，表明这些化合物在空气和土壤之间处于非平衡状态，沉积作用占主导地位，且从空气向土壤的净传输为主。基于吸收模型的实测与预测土壤-大气分配系数的相关性分析表明，土壤有机质对北极地区 NBFRs 分布的影响较小。据我们所知，这项工作是为数不多的关于北极大气 NBFRs 的报告之一，也是首次研究北极土壤中 NBFRs 的发生和归宿。
