National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China.
Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystems and Biogeochemistry, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Nature Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2020 Nov;97:186-193. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.04.024. Epub 2020 Jun 4.
Kongsfjorden is known for its characteristic multi-layer water mass formed by the convergence of freshwaters from nearby glaciers and rivers and saline water from the Atlantic and Arctic. The distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the water column of Kongsfjorden was investigated and their potential sources were analyzed. The total concentrations of 16 PAHs in the surface seawater and river water were in the range of 33.4-79.8 ng/L (mean 48.5 ng/L) and 2.3-201.4 ng/L (mean 126.1 ng/L), respectively. Horizontally, PAHs were mainly concentrated around river estuaries and the glacier front in the dissolved phase. Vertically, the PAHs in the particulate phase followed surface-enrichment and depth-depletion patterns in most stations, with the maximum concentration found at 50 m depth in the central area of Kongsfjorden. The compositions of PAHs in seawater and rivers were similar, with two-ring and tricyclic PAHs comprising the majority of the dissolved and particulate phases. PAHs found in Kongsfjorden waters appeared to be derived from multiple sources such as petroleum and coal combustion. PAHs in the bay mouth of Kongsfjorden were mainly introduced by the West Spitsbergen Current and the Arctic waters, while in the inner bay, atmospheric deposition and local sources were the major contributors. The distribution of PAHs was mainly attributed to the suspended particulate distribution.
孔斯峡湾以其由附近冰川和河流淡水与大西洋和北极盐水汇聚形成的特征性多层水团而闻名。本研究调查了孔斯峡湾水柱中多环芳烃（PAHs）的分布，并分析了其潜在来源。表层海水中和河水中 16 种 PAHs 的总浓度范围分别为 33.4-79.8ng/L（平均值 48.5ng/L）和 2.3-201.4ng/L（平均值 126.1ng/L）。水平方向上，PAHs 主要集中在河口和冰川前缘的溶解相中。垂直方向上，大多数站位的颗粒相中 PAHs 表现出表面富集和深度递减的模式，在孔斯峡湾中部的 50m 深处达到最大浓度。海水中和河水中 PAHs 的组成相似，双环和三环 PAHs 是溶解相和颗粒相的主要组成部分。孔斯峡湾水中的 PAHs 似乎来自多个来源，如石油和煤炭燃烧。孔斯峡湾湾口的 PAHs 主要由西斯匹次卑尔根海流和北极水域带入，而在内部海湾，大气沉降和本地源是主要贡献者。PAHs 的分布主要归因于悬浮颗粒的分布。
