Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, São Paulo, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, São Paulo, Brazil.
J Dent Res. 2020 Dec;99(13):1435-1443. doi: 10.1177/0022034520960070. Epub 2020 Sep 16.
This review presents literature that highlights saliva's utility as a biofluid in the diagnosis and monitoring of COVID-19. A systematic search was performed in 5 electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, LILACS, Scopus, and Web of Science). Studies were eligible for inclusion if they assessed the potential diagnostic value and/or other discriminatory properties of biological markers in the saliva of patients with COVID-19. As of July 22, 2020, a total of 28 studies have investigated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in saliva. Several of those studies confirmed reliable detection of SARS-CoV-2 in the saliva of patients with COVID-19. Saliva offered sensitivity and specificity for SARS-CoV-2 detection comparable to that of the current standard of nasopharyngeal and throat swabs. However, the utility of saliva in diagnosing COVID-19 infection remains understudied. Clinical studies with larger patient populations that measure recordings at different stages during the disease are still necessary to confirm the accuracy of COVID-19 diagnosis with saliva. Nevertheless, the utility of saliva as a diagnostic tool opens the possibility of using rapid and less invasive diagnostic strategies by targeting bioanalytes rather than the pathogen.
这篇综述介绍了唾液作为 COVID-19 诊断和监测生物液体的应用。在 5 个电子数据库（PubMed、Embase、LILACS、Scopus 和 Web of Science）中进行了系统搜索。如果研究评估了 COVID-19 患者唾液中生物标志物的潜在诊断价值和/或其他鉴别特性，则符合纳入标准。截至 2020 年 7 月 22 日，共有 28 项研究调查了 SARS-CoV-2 RNA 在唾液中的存在。其中一些研究证实了 COVID-19 患者唾液中 SARS-CoV-2 的可靠检测。唾液对 SARS-CoV-2 的检测灵敏度和特异性与目前鼻咽和咽喉拭子的标准相当。然而，唾液在诊断 COVID-19 感染中的应用仍有待研究。需要有更大患者群体的临床研究，在疾病的不同阶段进行测量记录，以确认唾液诊断 COVID-19 的准确性。然而，唾液作为一种诊断工具的应用为通过靶向生物分析物而不是病原体来使用快速和微创的诊断策略提供了可能性。
