Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2021 Mar 4;17(3):620-637. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1812313. Epub 2020 Sep 16.
The incidence and case-fatality rates (CFRs) of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, the etiological agent for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), have been rising unabated. Even though the entire world has been implementing infection prevention and control measures, the pandemic continues to spread. It has been widely accepted that preventive vaccination strategies are the public health measures for countering this pandemic. This study critically reviews the latest scientific advancement in genomics, replication pattern, pathogenesis, and immunopathology of SARS-CoV-2 infection and how these concepts could be used in the development of vaccines. We also offer a detailed discussion on the anticipated potency, efficacy, safety, and pharmaco-economic issues that are and will be associated with candidate COVID-19 vaccines.
严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）感染的发病率和病死率（CFR）持续上升，SARS-CoV-2 是导致 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的病原体。尽管全世界一直在实施感染预防和控制措施，但大流行仍在继续蔓延。人们普遍认为，预防接种策略是应对这一大流行病的公共卫生措施。本研究批判性地回顾了 SARS-CoV-2 感染的基因组学、复制模式、发病机制和免疫病理学的最新科学进展，以及这些概念如何用于疫苗的开发。我们还详细讨论了与候选 COVID-19 疫苗相关的预期效力、功效、安全性和药物经济学问题，以及这些问题现在和将来会如何出现。
