China Three Gorges University, School of Medicine, Yichang, 443002, China.
Curr Pharm Des. 2021;27(4):575-582. doi: 10.2174/1381612826666200917150130.
Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs), with the length of over 200 nucleotides, that originate from intergenic, antisense, or promoter-proximal regions, are a large family of RNAs that lack coding capacity. Emerging evidences illustrated that LncRNAs played significant roles in a variety of cellular functions and biological processes in profuse human diseases, especially in cancers. Cancer susceptibility candidate 9 (CASC9), as a member of the LncRNAs group, firstly found its oncogenic function in esophageal cancer. In the following recent studies, a growing amount of human malignancies are verified to be correlated with CASC9, most of which are derived from the squamous epithelium tissue. This present review attempts to highlight the latest insights into the expression, functional roles, and molecular mechanisms of CASC9 in different human malignancies.
In this review, the latest findings related to the pathophysiological processes of CASC9 in human cancers were summarized and analyzed, and the associated studies collected in systematic retrieval of PubMed used lncRNA and CASA9 as keywords.
CASC9 expression is identified to be aberrantly elevated in a variety of malignancies. The over-expression of CASC9 has been suggested to accelerate cell proliferation, migration, cell growth and drug resistance of cancer cells, while depressing cell apoptosis, revealing its role as an oncogene. Moreover, the current review demonstrated CASC9 as closely related to the neoplastic transformation of squamous epithelial cells and squamous metaplasia in non-squamous epithelial tissues. Finally, we discuss the limitations and tremendous diagnostic/ therapeutic potential of CASC9 in various human cancers.
Long non-coding RNA CASC9 likely serve as useful disease biomarkers or therapeutic targets which be effectively applied in the treatment of different kinds of cancers.
长链非编码 RNA（lncRNA）是一类长度超过 200 个核苷酸的 RNA，它们来源于基因间区、反义区或启动子近端区，不具有编码能力。越来越多的证据表明，lncRNA 在多种细胞功能和生物学过程中发挥着重要作用，在大量人类疾病中尤其如此，特别是在癌症中。癌症易感性候选基因 9（CASC9）作为 lncRNA 家族的一员，最初在食管癌中发现其具有致癌功能。在随后的研究中，越来越多的人类恶性肿瘤被证实与 CASC9 相关，其中大多数来源于鳞状上皮组织。本综述试图强调 CASC9 在不同人类恶性肿瘤中的表达、功能作用和分子机制的最新研究进展。
在本综述中，总结和分析了与 CASC9 在人类癌症中的病理生理过程相关的最新发现，并通过系统检索 PubMed 中使用 lncRNA 和 CASA9 作为关键词收集了相关研究。
CASC9 的表达在多种恶性肿瘤中异常升高。CASC9 的过表达被认为可以加速癌细胞的增殖、迁移、细胞生长和耐药性，同时抑制细胞凋亡，表明其作为癌基因的作用。此外，本综述还表明 CASC9 与鳞状上皮细胞的肿瘤转化和非鳞状上皮组织中的鳞状化生密切相关。最后，我们讨论了 CASC9 在各种人类癌症中的局限性和巨大的诊断/治疗潜力。
长链非编码 RNA CASC9 可能作为有用的疾病生物标志物或治疗靶点，有效地应用于不同类型癌症的治疗。
