Department of Neurorehabilitation, C.R.R.F. "Mons. L. Novarese", Loc. Trompone, SNC, 13040, Moncrivello, VC, Italy.
Department of Neurology, ASL TO4 Chivasso, C.so G. Ferraris 3, Chivasso, Italy.
J Neurol. 2021 Jul;268(7):2327-2330. doi: 10.1007/s00415-020-10219-5. Epub 2020 Sep 17.
We describe a rare case of post-infective Acute Motor Axonal Neuropathy (AMAN) variant of Guillain-Barrè Syndrome (GBS) associated with myelitis and anti-GD1b positivity after SARS-CoV-2 infection. The patient referred to the hospital reporting a history of ten days lasting moderate fever, myalgia and anosmia, with the onset of progressive quadriparesis and ascending paraesthesias in the four limbs since five days from defervescence. A chest computed tomography demonstrated interstitial pneumonia with "ground glass opacities", suggesting Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The patient exhibited three negative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) nasopharyngeal swabs, while SARS-CoV-2 IgG was found in plasma. The electrophysiological examination demonstrated an AMAN and the spinal cord Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed a T2-weighted hyperintense lesion in the posterior part of the spinal cord at the C7-D1 levels. Furthermore, anti-GD1b IgM was detected. GBS and myelitis could exceptionally develop simultaneously. Our findings reasonably support a causality link between COVID-19 and the neurological symptoms, suggesting a post-infective autoimmune reaction.
我们描述了一例罕见的感染后急性运动轴索性神经病(AMAN)变异型吉兰-巴雷综合征(GBS),与 SARS-CoV-2 感染后脊髓炎和抗 GD1b 阳性相关。该患者因十天中度发热、肌痛和嗅觉丧失就诊,发热消退五天后出现四肢进行性四肢瘫痪和上升性感觉异常。胸部计算机断层扫描显示间质性肺炎伴“磨玻璃样混浊”,提示冠状病毒病(COVID-19)。患者鼻咽拭子的三次逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)均为阴性,而血浆中发现了 SARS-CoV-2 IgG。电生理检查显示 AMAN,脊髓磁共振成像(MRI)显示 C7-D1 水平脊髓后部 T2 加权高信号病变。此外,还检测到抗 GD1b IgM。GBS 和脊髓炎可以同时异常发生。我们的发现合理地支持了 COVID-19 与神经系统症状之间的因果关系,提示存在感染后自身免疫反应。