Department of Science and Education, Children's Hospital of Anhui Medical University (Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital), No.39, Wangjiang East Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China.
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
BMC Public Health. 2020 Sep 17;20(1):1418. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-09531-6.
Many studies have shown an association of childhood respiratory diseases with short-term temperature variability such as diurnal temperature range (DTR) and temperature change between two neighboring days (TCN). However, the impact of temperature variability on allergic rhinitis (AR) has not been investigated so far. This study sought to evaluate the short-term effect of temperature variability (i.e., TCN and DTR) on AR, as well as to identify vulnerable subpopulations.
We collected daily data on emergency room visits and outpatients for AR and weather variables in Hefei, China during 2014-2016. A distributed lag non-linear model that controlled for long-term trend and seasonality, mean temperature, relative humidity, day of week was used to fit the associations of AR with DTR and TCN. Stratified analyses by age, sex and occupation were also performed.
During the study period, there were a total of 53,538 cases and the average values of DTR and TCN were 8.4 °C (range: 1.0 °C to 21.2 °C) and 0 °C (range: - 12.2 °C to 5.9 °C), respectively. While we did not observe an adverse effect of DTR on AR, TCN was significantly associated with increased risk of AR. Specifically, a large temperature drop between two adjacent days (3.8 °C, 5th percentile of TCN) has a delayed and short-lasting effect on AR, with the estimated relative risk of 1.02 (95% confidence interval: 1.01 to 1.04) at lag 12. Moreover, boys and children older than 15 years seemed to be more vulnerable to the effect of TCN.
This study provided evidence of an adverse effect of large temperature drops between two adjacent days on childhood AR. Attention paid to boys and older children may help prevent AR attacks.
许多研究表明，儿童呼吸道疾病与短期温度变化有关，如日较差（DTR）和相邻两天之间的温度变化（TCN）。然而，目前尚未研究温度变化对过敏性鼻炎（AR）的影响。本研究旨在评估温度变化（即 TCN 和 DTR）对 AR 的短期影响，并确定易受影响的亚人群。
我们在中国合肥收集了 2014-2016 年期间急诊室就诊和门诊就诊的 AR 以及天气变量的每日数据。采用分布滞后非线性模型，控制长期趋势和季节性、平均温度、相对湿度、星期几，拟合 AR 与 DTR 和 TCN 的关联。还按年龄、性别和职业进行分层分析。
在研究期间，共有 53538 例病例，DTR 和 TCN 的平均值分别为 8.4°C（范围：1.0°C 至 21.2°C）和 0°C（范围：-12.2°C 至 5.9°C）。虽然我们没有观察到 DTR 对 AR 有不利影响，但 TCN 与 AR 风险增加显著相关。具体而言，相邻两天之间的较大温度下降（3.8°C，TCN 的第 5 百分位数）对 AR 有延迟和短暂的影响，滞后 12 时的估计相对风险为 1.02（95%置信区间：1.01 至 1.04）。此外，男孩和 15 岁以上的儿童似乎更容易受到 TCN 影响。
本研究提供了证据表明，相邻两天之间较大的温度下降对儿童 AR 有不利影响。关注男孩和大龄儿童可能有助于预防 AR 发作。
