Wang Meichen, Phillips Timothy D
Veterinary Integrative Biosciences Department, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Appl Sci (Basel). 2019 Dec 2;9(24). doi: 10.3390/app9245325. Epub 2019 Dec 6.
The risk of pesticide exposure in humans and animals may be magnified following natural and man-made disasters such as hurricanes and floods that can result in mobilization and redistribution of contaminated sediments. To develop broad-acting sorbents for mixtures of diverse toxins, we have processed calcium and sodium montmorillonite clays with high concentrations of sulfuric acid. These acid-processed montmorillonite clays (APMs) have shown limited hydration and swelling in water, higher surface areas, and lower trace metal levels than the parent clays, prior to processing. Isothermal analyses have indicated that newly developed APMs are highly active sorbents, with significantly increased binding capacities for a wide range of pesticides, including pentachlorophenol (PCP), 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP), lindane, diazinon, linuron, trifluralin and paraquat. The safety and protective effects of APMs, against pesticide design mixtures, were confirmed in a living organism (). Further work is planned to confirm the safety of the APMs in long-term rodent studies. This is the first report of a sorbent material (other than carbon) with high binding efficacy for mixtures of these pesticides. Based on our results, APMs (and similar clays), may be able to decrease human and animal pesticide exposures during disasters and emergencies.
在诸如飓风和洪水等自然和人为灾害之后，人类和动物接触农药的风险可能会放大，这些灾害会导致受污染沉积物的移动和重新分布。为了开发针对多种毒素混合物的广谱吸附剂，我们用高浓度硫酸处理了钙蒙脱石和钠蒙脱石粘土。这些经酸处理的蒙脱石粘土（APM）在水中的水化和膨胀有限，表面积比处理前的原始粘土更大，痕量金属含量更低。等温分析表明，新开发的APM是高活性吸附剂，对包括五氯苯酚（PCP）、2,4,6-三氯苯酚（2,4,6-TCP）、林丹、二嗪农、利谷隆、氟乐灵和百草枯在内的多种农药的结合能力显著提高。APM对农药设计混合物的安全性和保护作用在一种活体生物中得到了证实。计划进一步开展工作，以在长期啮齿动物研究中确认APM的安全性。这是关于一种对这些农药混合物具有高结合效力的吸附剂材料（除碳之外）的首次报道。基于我们的结果，APM（以及类似的粘土）或许能够在灾害和紧急情况期间降低人类和动物接触农药的风险。
