Altura B M
State University of New York, Health Science Center, Brooklyn.
Magnesium. 1988;7(2):57-67.
Globally, among mortality and morbidity indices for man, ischemic heart disease (IHD) ranks at the top of the list. In the industrialized world, IHD is the leading killer and accounts for approximately 35% of all deaths each year. This most common cause of death results from insufficient coronary blood flow. IHD is a general term used to describe a pathophysiologic state in which cardiac output is inadequate as a consequence of coronary blood flow deficits brought about when the latter cannot deliver enough O2 to meet the needs of the myocardium. This review is concerned with the etiology of IHD, special forms of IHD such as angina pectoris and variant angina, as well as sudden death ischemia heart disease. The diverse conditions that cause IHD are discussed. Important etiologic factors such as the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic obstruction as well as localized coronary vasospasm are reviewed. Implications of dietary and metabolic alterations in electrolytes are a special focus of this view. Evidence implicating Mg2+-K+ and Mg2+-Ca2+ alterations in the pathogenesis of IHD is reviewed. Special attention is devoted to the role of Mg in vascular tone, coronary blood flow and in clinical management of IHD. It is concluded that judicious use of Mg salts in IHD could be expected to reduce myocardial oxygen demand and influence the myocardial oxygen supply/demand ratio in a favorable manner.
在全球范围内，就人类的死亡率和发病率指标而言，缺血性心脏病（IHD）位居榜首。在工业化国家，IHD是主要杀手，每年约占所有死亡人数的35%。这种最常见的死亡原因是冠状动脉血流量不足。IHD是一个通用术语，用于描述一种病理生理状态，即由于冠状动脉血流量不足，无法输送足够的氧气以满足心肌需求，从而导致心输出量不足。本综述关注IHD的病因、IHD的特殊形式，如心绞痛和变异型心绞痛，以及缺血性心脏病猝死。讨论了导致IHD的各种情况。回顾了重要的病因因素，如动脉粥样硬化阻塞的发病机制以及局部冠状动脉痉挛。饮食和电解质代谢改变的影响是本观点的一个特别关注点。综述了与IHD发病机制中Mg2+-K+和Mg2+-Ca2+改变相关的证据。特别关注镁在血管张力、冠状动脉血流量以及IHD临床管理中的作用。得出的结论是，在IHD中明智地使用镁盐有望降低心肌需氧量，并以有利的方式影响心肌氧供/需比。
