Department of Cardiology, Klinikum Oldenburg, Oldenburg.
Institute for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Research, Cloppenburg.
J Hypertens. 2020 Dec;38(12):2475-2481. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000002588.
In ELITE (Ernährung, Lebensstil und individuelle Information zur Verhinderung von Herzinfarkt, Schlaganfall und Demenz; german for: Nutrition, Lifestyle and Individual Information for the Prevention of Heart Attack, Stroke and Dementia) data on cardiovascular risk factors, cognitive function and quality of life are prospectively collected, which will be improved through targeted individual information. The aim is to improve the health of the participants and identify the reasons for the lack of implementation.
Risk factors of 4602 participants were linked to (controlled) hypertension and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Blood pressure was measured according to the guidelines and the DEMTECT- test was used to detect MCI.
The most common risk factor was hypertension (60%). Hypertensive patients were older (56.1 and 44.7 years), had a higher BMI (28 and 24.8 kg/m), frequently physical inactive (26 and 32.4%), diabetes (9.3 and 1.3%), higher LDL (134.7 and 124.1 mg/dl), higher triglycerides (169.6 and 124.8 mg/dl) and lower HDL (57.9 and 65.5 mg/dl) compared with normotensives (P < 0.001). Controlled hypertensive patients are less common men (46.1 and 52.1%, P < 0.001), have a lower BMI (28.3 and 29.1 kg/m, P < 0.001), lower LDL (129.0 and 135.6 mg/dl, P = 0.004) and lower triglycerides (162.5 and 182.3 mg/dl, P = 0.001) compared with treated uncontrolled hypertensive patients. Antihypertensives per person (2.015; 2.017) do not differ. The prevalence of MCI is highly significantly associated with the number of risk factors. in participants without risk factors, the prevalence is 3.9%, in participants with 4 risk factors, 16.3%. In hypertensive patients, the frequency is 11.8% compared with 4.8% for normotensives (P < 0.001). The occurrence of MCI depends significantly from age, blood pressure and diabetes CONCLUSION:: The frequency of MCI is highly significantly associated with the number of cardiovascular risk factors, regardless of age. The prevalence was particularly high among hypertensive patients, which is not often described. The occurrence of MCI depends significantly from age, blood pressure and diabetes. The metabolic syndrome and lack of exercise complicate blood pressure control.
在 ELITE（德国的一项研究，全称 Ernährung, Lebensstil und individuelle Information zur Verhinderung von Herzinfarkt, Schlaganfall und Demenz，译为营养、生活方式和个体化信息预防心脏病发作、中风和痴呆）数据中，心血管危险因素、认知功能和生活质量都被前瞻性地收集起来，这些信息将通过有针对性的个体信息得到改善。其目的是改善参与者的健康状况，并找出实施过程中存在的问题。
4602 名参与者的危险因素与（控制）高血压和轻度认知障碍（MCI）相关联。血压的测量是根据指南进行的，并且使用 DEMTECT-测试来检测 MCI。
最常见的危险因素是高血压（60%）。高血压患者年龄较大（56.1 和 44.7 岁），BMI 较高（28 和 24.8kg/m），经常不运动（26 和 32.4%），患有糖尿病（9.3 和 1.3%），LDL 较高（134.7 和 124.1mg/dl），甘油三酯较高（169.6 和 124.8mg/dl），HDL 较低（57.9 和 65.5mg/dl），与血压正常者相比（P<0.001）。与血压正常者相比，控制良好的高血压患者中男性较少（46.1 和 52.1%，P<0.001），BMI 较低（28.3 和 29.1kg/m，P<0.001），LDL 较低（129.0 和 135.6mg/dl，P=0.004），甘油三酯较低（162.5 和 182.3mg/dl，P=0.001）。每人使用的抗高血压药物（2.015；2.017）并没有差异。MCI 的患病率与危险因素的数量密切相关。在没有危险因素的参与者中，患病率为 3.9%，在有 4 个危险因素的参与者中，患病率为 16.3%。在高血压患者中，患病率为 11.8%，而血压正常者为 4.8%（P<0.001）。MCI 的发生与年龄、血压和糖尿病显著相关。
MCI 的频率与心血管危险因素的数量密切相关，与年龄无关。高血压患者的患病率特别高，这在以前的研究中并不常见。MCI 的发生与年龄、血压和糖尿病密切相关。代谢综合征和缺乏运动使血压控制复杂化。
