Cardiovascular and Epidemiology Department, ICBA Cardiovascular Institute of Buenos, Aires, Argentina.
Arterial Hypertension Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Italiano, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Hipertens Riesgo Vasc. 2021 Jan-Mar;38(1):13-20. doi: 10.1016/j.hipert.2020.08.002. Epub 2020 Sep 15.
Hypertension (HTN) is the most frequent cause of subcortical vascular brain injury (VBI) and its cognitive consequences. The aims were to show the usefulness of the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) to detect cognitive impairment in hypertensive patients and to compare it with the Mini-Mental Test (MMSE).
A subset of hypertensive patients of the Heart-Brain Study in Argentina was included. Demographic characteristics, vascular risk factors, blood pressure (BP) and schooling level were recorded. The MMSE and CDT tests were used for neurocognitive assessment and Hospital Anxiety Depression scale (HAD) for mood disorder evaluation.
1414 hypertensive patients (age 59.7±13.8 years, female (62.3%). The prevalence of cognitive impairment was 20.7% (using MMSE) and 36.1% (using CDT). Among hypertensive patients with normal MMSE (>24) 29.3% had cognitive impairment (abnormal CDT). The CDT was associated with level of education but not with age or mood status.
The CDT is a useful screening tool to detect hypertension-mediated brain damage earlier (especially in midlife) and is more sensitive than MMSE.
高血压（HTN）是皮质下血管性脑损伤（VBI）及其认知后果最常见的原因。目的是展示画钟测验（CDT）在检测高血压患者认知障碍方面的有用性，并将其与简易精神状态检查（MMSE）进行比较。
纳入了阿根廷心脏-大脑研究的一组高血压患者。记录人口统计学特征、血管危险因素、血压（BP）和受教育程度。使用简易精神状态检查（MMSE）和画钟测验（CDT）进行神经认知评估，使用医院焦虑抑郁量表（HAD）评估情绪障碍。
1414 例高血压患者（年龄 59.7±13.8 岁，女性（62.3%）。认知障碍的患病率为 20.7%（使用 MMSE）和 36.1%（使用 CDT）。在 MMSE 正常（>24）的高血压患者中，29.3%存在认知障碍（CDT 异常）。CDT 与受教育程度有关，但与年龄或情绪状态无关。
CDT 是一种有用的筛查工具，可以更早地检测到高血压引起的脑损伤（尤其是在中年），其敏感性高于 MMSE。
