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动脉高血压对 45 至 65 岁患者认知功能的影响。厄瓜多尔瓜亚基尔 Luis Vernaza 医院。

Impact of arterial hypertension on the cognitive function of patients between 45 and 65 years. Luis Vernaza Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador.

机构信息

Servicio de Neurología, Hospital General Luis Vernaza. Guayaquil, Ecuador.

Servicio de Cardiología, Sociedad de Lucha Contra el Cáncer SOLCA. Guayaquil, Ecuador.

出版信息

Arch Cardiol Mex. 2020;90(3):284-292. doi: 10.24875/ACM.20000350.

DOI:10.24875/ACM.20000350
PMID:32952159
Abstract

INTRODUCCIÓN: El deterioro cognitivo leve es una alteración de la función cognitiva que no afecta de manera negativa a las actividades diarias de la persona. Factores de riesgo modificables como la hipertensión arterial podrían intervenir en el aceleramiento de este proceso y afectar a personas menores de 65 años. Una detección temprana del deterioro cognitivo leve por medio del Montreal Cognitive Assesment (MoCA) en personas con hipertensión arterial ayudaría a idear medidas para su control eficaz.

MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Se diseñó un estudio de tipo observacional transversal. La población se integra con pacientes hipertensos de 45 a 65 años de Guayaquil. De una base de datos de 570 pacientes, se realizó un llamado a sujetos que cumplieran los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, para la evaluación de la función cognitiva por medio del MoCA.

RESULTADOS

El 93.3% de los participantes sometidos a la prueba MoCA presentó un puntaje menor de 26. El promedio del puntaje total fue de 18.9 y el 51.6% de los participantes reveló deterioro cognitivo leve. Se obtuvo una correlación negativa del 40% (-0.40) con una p = 0.0015 entre años con hipertensión arterial y el resultado total de la prueba MoCA.

CONCLUSIONES

Por medio del MoCA se pudo cuantificar la magnitud del deterioro cognitivo en estos pacientes. Se identificó que la mayoría de los participantes examinados presentaba un puntaje promedio menor del intervalo normal. Las cifras obtenidas de los valores de correlación de Pearson muestran una actividad tendencial y relación de la hipertensión arterial con el deterioro de la función cognitiva.

INTRODUCTION

Mild cognitive impairment is an alteration of cognitive function that does not negatively affect the daily activities of the person. Modifiable risk factors such as hypertension could be involved in the acceleration of this process affecting people under 65 years of age. Early detection of mild cognitive impairment through the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in people with high blood pressure, would help to formulate strategies for its effective control.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A cross-sectional observational study was designed. The population is hypertensive patients between 45 and 65 years old in Guayaquil. From a database of 570 patients, a call was made to patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, for the evaluation of cognitive function through MoCA.

RESULTS

93.3% of the participants who underwent the MoCA test had a score lower than 26. The average of the total score was 18.9, with 51.6% of the participants suffering from mild cognitive impairment. A negative correlation of 40% (-0.40) was obtained with a p = 0.0015 between years with arterial hypertension and the total result of the MoCA test.

CONCLUSIONS

Through MoCA, the magnitude of cognitive deterioration in these patients could be quantified. It was detected that the majority of the examined participants had a lower average score of the normal range. The figures obtained from the Pearson correlation values show trend activity, relating arterial hypertension and deterioration of cognitive function.

摘要

介绍

轻度认知障碍是一种认知功能的改变,不会对人的日常生活造成负面影响。可改变的危险因素,如高血压,可能会加速这一过程,并影响到 65 岁以下的人群。通过对高血压患者进行蒙特利尔认知评估(MoCA)进行早期轻度认知障碍检测,有助于制定有效的控制策略。

材料和方法

设计了一项横断面观察性研究。该人群为瓜亚基尔 45 至 65 岁的高血压患者。从 570 名患者的数据库中,对符合纳入和排除标准的患者进行了呼叫,以通过 MoCA 评估认知功能。

结果

93.3%接受 MoCA 测试的参与者得分低于 26。总得分的平均得分为 18.9,51.6%的参与者有轻度认知障碍。高血压年数与 MoCA 测试总分之间存在 40%(-0.40)的负相关,p 值为 0.0015。

结论

通过 MoCA 可以量化这些患者认知能力下降的程度。结果表明,大多数接受测试的参与者的平均得分低于正常范围。从皮尔逊相关值中获得的数字显示出活动趋势,并将动脉高血压与认知功能下降联系起来。

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