Center for Investigation and Research on Sleep and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Department of Psychology, and Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience and Philosophy, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden; Department of Perioperative Services, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Lancet Neurol. 2020 Oct;19(10):849-859. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(20)30275-1. Epub 2020 Sep 16.
Dreams are experiences that occur during sleep, while we are disconnected from the environment. Thanks to recent progress in neuroimaging techniques, it is now becoming possible to relate dream features to specific patterns of brain activity. Some conditions occurring in patients with neurological disorders, such as lucid dreams and parasomnias, not only have diagnostic value, but also offer a window into the dream process. They show that dreaming is reflected in physiological signals, behaviours, and brain activity patterns, and that the body can enact dream content. Yet, the dream body can also be distinct from the real body; in their dreams, patients with congenital paraplegia can walk, those with sleep apnoea rarely suffocate, and phantom limb pain can disappear. These conditions provide valuable models for future studies investigating the mechanisms that underlie oneiric experiences.
梦境是睡眠期间发生的体验，此时我们与环境失去联系。得益于神经影像学技术的最新进展，现在有可能将梦境特征与特定的大脑活动模式联系起来。一些在神经障碍患者中出现的情况，如清醒梦和睡眠障碍，不仅具有诊断价值，还为研究梦境过程提供了一扇窗户。它们表明，做梦反映在生理信号、行为和大脑活动模式中，身体可以表现出梦境内容。然而，梦境中的身体也可以与真实的身体不同；在他们的梦中，先天性截瘫患者可以行走，睡眠呼吸暂停患者很少窒息，幻肢痛也可以消失。这些情况为未来研究提供了有价值的模型，这些研究旨在探讨构成梦幻体验的机制。
