Independent Researcher, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462020, India.
Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462020, India.
Recent Pat Antiinfect Drug Discov. 2020;15(2):89-103. doi: 10.2174/1574891X15999200918144833.
Coronavirus disease is a potentially deadly disease and of significant apprehension for global communal health because of its lethality. Vaccines and antiviral medications are still under trial to prevent or treat human coronavirus (HCoV) till date. The virus HCoV originated in 2003, SARS-CoV, which causes respiratory syndrome having distinctive pathogenesis and infections of the respiratory tract. A mechanism was projected for the evolution of SARS virus, and a handy association with bats was found. When this virus reaches the respective host system, the infection starts with spike protein binding to its complementary receptor of the host cell. The coronavirus spike protein's association with its host cell receptor complement is crucial in deciding the virus infectivity, tissue tropism and species variety. Recent studies show that SARS Coronavirus 2 or COVID-19 requires protease to get into cells, offering a new therapeutic target. Distinctive attention and exertions should be given to defending or reducing transmission in vulnerable populaces, including those directly associated with caregiving and treatment and also aged one. Researchers are planning to develop a vaccine for COVID-19, and in this approach are also considered developing a vaccine that sensitizes our immune system preventing from this pandemic. The present review focuses on the role of S-spike protein in COVID-19, which helps the virus intruding the enzyme ACE2 (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2). Passive antibody therapy is an additional alternative to use blood donors from hale and hearty people who have already recovered from COVID-19 and therapeutic advancement in handling the COVID-19 pandemic.
冠状病毒病是一种潜在致命的疾病，对全球公共卫生构成重大威胁，因为它具有致命性。迄今为止，仍在临床试验中疫苗和抗病毒药物来预防或治疗人类冠状病毒（HCoV）。这种 HCoV 病毒起源于 2003 年的 SARS-CoV，它引起具有独特发病机制和呼吸道感染的呼吸道综合征。有人提出了 SARS 病毒进化的机制，并发现了与蝙蝠的密切关联。当这种病毒到达相应的宿主系统时，感染就从刺突蛋白与宿主细胞的互补受体结合开始。冠状病毒刺突蛋白与其宿主细胞受体互补的结合对于决定病毒的感染力、组织嗜性和物种多样性至关重要。最近的研究表明，SARS 冠状病毒 2 或 COVID-19 需要蛋白酶才能进入细胞，这为治疗提供了一个新的靶点。应该特别注意保护或减少弱势群体的传播，包括那些直接与护理和治疗有关的人群以及老年人。研究人员正在计划为 COVID-19 开发疫苗，在这种方法中，还考虑开发一种疫苗，使我们的免疫系统对这种大流行具有敏感性。本综述重点介绍了 S-刺突蛋白在 COVID-19 中的作用，它有助于病毒侵入酶 ACE2（血管紧张素转换酶 2）。被动抗体疗法是另一种选择，可以使用来自已经从 COVID-19 中康复的健康献血者的血液，并在处理 COVID-19 大流行方面取得治疗进展。
