Li Miaomiao, Klungland Arne
Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, NO-0027, Oslo, Norway; Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, NO-0317, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, NO-0027, Oslo, Norway; Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, NO-0317, Oslo, Norway.
DNA Repair (Amst). 2020 Dec;96:102958. doi: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2020.102958. Epub 2020 Sep 12.
R-loops are tripartite structures consisting of an RNA:DNA hybrid and a displaced single-stranded DNA [1]. They are widespread and occupy up to 5 % of the mammalian genomes [2]. R-loops have a key role in genome stability, and known functions associated with gene regulation, DNA replication, chromatin patterning, immunoglobuline gene recombination and DNA Double-strand break repair [3-7]. Novel methodology, including the application of the S9.6 antibody, have more recently led to detailed knowledge on the genome-wide distribution of the R-loops as well as the identification of the R-loop interactome [8-10]. The regulation of R-loops was recently shown to also depend on dynamic RNA-methylation, including METTL3/14 dependent 6-methylAdenines (mAs) and METTL8 dependent 3-methylCytosines (mCs) [11-13].
R环是由RNA:DNA杂交体和一条单链置换DNA组成的三方结构[1]。它们广泛存在，在哺乳动物基因组中所占比例高达5%[2]。R环在基因组稳定性中起关键作用，并且与基因调控、DNA复制、染色质模式、免疫球蛋白基因重组和DNA双链断裂修复等已知功能相关[3-7]。包括S9.6抗体应用在内的新方法，最近使人们对R环在全基因组范围内的分布以及R环相互作用组有了更详细的了解[8-10]。最近研究表明，R环的调控还依赖于动态RNA甲基化，包括METTL3/14依赖的6-甲基腺嘌呤（mAs）和METTL8依赖的3-甲基胞嘧啶（mCs）[11-13]。
