Tarfaoui M, Nachtane M, Goda I, Qureshi Y, Benyahia H
ENSTA Bretagne, IRDL-UMR CNRS 6027, F-29200 Brest, France.
Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology, University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, INRAE, HESAM Université, I2M Bordeaux, F-33400 Talence, France.
Int J Adv Manuf Technol. 2020;110(11-12):2913-2927. doi: 10.1007/s00170-020-06077-0. Epub 2020 Sep 17.
Nowadays, COVID-19 also known as novel coronavirus has become a global pandemic by causing severe respiratory tract infections in humans without any definite treatment or vaccine. Therefore, disease control measures include slowing down or averting the transfer of this viral infection from person to person. Continuous efforts are carried out to avoid the transmission of this disease to frontline healthcare personnel using single-use personal protective equipment (PPE). However, a critical shortage in this equipment around the world is becoming an alarming concern. Therefore, it is vital to present a possible alternative to overcome the acute shortage of protective gear such as face masks against this infectious disease which can have universal accessibility and is easily available. Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, is a possible solution to overcome the shortage of protective gear and can play a vital role in supporting their conventional production supplies during this global pandemic situation. In this context, this paper provides a brief background study of COVID-19, its conventional preventive measure, and a detailed overview regarding the latest AM efforts including designers' providers and makers in the 3D printing community. Moreover, numerous inquiries and questions such as technical factors, testing recommendations and characterization methods and biological concerns such as biocompatibility and sterilization for the AM manufactured medical devices are addressed in this paper. In the end, two examples of AM medical devices, i.e., face mask and Ambu bag ventilator, are presented and studied through numerical simulations.
如今，新冠病毒病（COVID-19），也被称为新型冠状病毒，已成为全球大流行疾病，它会导致人类严重的呼吸道感染，且没有任何确切的治疗方法或疫苗。因此，疾病控制措施包括减缓或避免这种病毒感染在人与人之间的传播。人们持续努力使用一次性个人防护装备（PPE）来避免这种疾病传播给一线医护人员。然而，世界各地这种装备的严重短缺正成为一个令人担忧的问题。因此，至关重要的是提出一种可能的替代方案，以克服防护装备（如口罩）的急性短缺，这种替代方案应具有普遍可及性且易于获得。增材制造（AM），也被称为3D打印，是克服防护装备短缺的一种可能解决方案，并且在全球大流行形势下，它可以在支持传统生产供应方面发挥至关重要的作用。在此背景下，本文提供了关于COVID-19的简要背景研究、其传统预防措施，以及关于3D打印社区中最新的增材制造努力的详细概述，包括设计师、供应商和制造商。此外，本文还讨论了众多问题，如技术因素、测试建议和表征方法，以及增材制造的医疗设备的生物相容性和灭菌等生物问题。最后，通过数值模拟展示并研究了两个增材制造医疗设备的例子，即口罩和复苏面罩通气器。
