Negoias Simona, Meves Benjamin, Zang Yunpeng, Haehner Antje, Hummel Thomas
Smell and Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.
Laryngoscope. 2020 Dec;130(12):2869-2873. doi: 10.1002/lary.29070. Epub 2020 Sep 23.
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Quality of life related to olfactory disorder (OD) depends on the perceived impairment. It is not known why some patients with OD report smell and flavor loss while others report smell loss only. In order to understand this, we compared the two clinical presentation forms in terms of demographics, clinical features, and orthonasal olfaction test results.
Observational, analytic, cross-sectional study.
A total of 401 patients with measured orthonasal OD presenting at a tertiary referral center were divided in 2 groups according to their subjective reports (smell loss only = 129 patients vs. smell and flavor loss = 272 patients). Groups were compared in terms of demographic (age, sex), clinical features (duration of disease, type of onset, etiology, degree of impairment due to the disorder) and test results (taste and orthonasal olfaction).
Groups did not differ in terms of age, sex distribution, orthonasal olfactory, or taste function. Patients reporting smell and flavor loss were characterized by a mainly sudden onset of the disorder and a predominance of postinfectious olfactory loss. They also have a shorter disease duration and a higher disease impairment. For patients reporting smell loss only, disease duration is longer, they feel less impaired, the onset of the disorder is to a higher degree protracted and the main cause is idiopathic.
Patients with orthonasal OD reporting smell and flavor loss feel more impaired and present significant different clinical features compared to patients reporting smell loss only. Future studies measuring retronasal olfaction are necessary to fully understand flavor perception in OD.
4 Laryngoscope, 130:2869-2873, 2020.
目的/假设：与嗅觉障碍（OD）相关的生活质量取决于所感知到的损害。目前尚不清楚为什么一些嗅觉障碍患者报告嗅觉和味觉丧失，而另一些患者仅报告嗅觉丧失。为了弄清楚这一点，我们在人口统计学、临床特征和鼻腔嗅觉测试结果方面对这两种临床表现形式进行了比较。
观察性、分析性横断面研究。
在一家三级转诊中心就诊的401例经测量存在鼻腔嗅觉障碍的患者，根据其主观报告分为两组（仅嗅觉丧失=129例患者，嗅觉和味觉丧失=272例患者）。对两组在人口统计学（年龄、性别）、临床特征（病程、发病类型、病因、疾病所致损害程度）和测试结果（味觉和鼻腔嗅觉）方面进行比较。
两组在年龄、性别分布、鼻腔嗅觉或味觉功能方面无差异。报告嗅觉和味觉丧失的患者的特点是疾病主要突然发作，且感染后嗅觉丧失占主导。他们的病程也较短，疾病损害程度较高。仅报告嗅觉丧失的患者病程较长，感觉损害较轻，疾病发作在更高程度上呈迁延性，主要病因是特发性的。
与仅报告嗅觉丧失的患者相比，报告嗅觉和味觉丧失的鼻腔嗅觉障碍患者感觉损害更大，且具有明显不同的临床特征。未来有必要进行测量鼻后嗅觉的研究，以全面了解嗅觉障碍中的味觉感知。
4 喉镜，130:2869 - 2873，2020年。
