Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
Laryngoscope. 2020 Sep;130(9):2213-2219. doi: 10.1002/lary.28773. Epub 2020 Jun 3.
Self-ratings seem to be the most effortless strategy for assessment of patients' chemical senses. Notably, although flavor perception strongly relies on olfaction, the relationship between self-reported flavor perception and orthonasal olfactory tests have hitherto not been considered. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-perceived olfactory function (SO), taste (ST), and flavor perception (SF) and smell test results in patients with olfactory dysfunction (OD).
We included 203 patients with quantitative OD. Group comparison, bivariate correlation, and ordinal logistic regression were employed to quantify the relationships between predictor variables (age, gender, reason for OD, and orthonasal olfaction-summed scores of threshold, discrimination, and identification [TDI]) and outcomes of SO and SF ("impaired," "average," or "good").
Group comparison revealed significant differences between SO and SF (P < .001). Stronger correlations were found between SO and TDI (r = 0.64), compared to SF and TDI (r = 0.27). No relevant correlation was found between ST and TDI (r = 0.10). Higher TDI was associated with odds of higher SO in univariate (odds ratio = 1.25) and multivariable analyses (adjusted odds ratio = 1.23), and both models showed good fit of data. Conversely, regression models on the associations between TDI and changes in SF did not meet the assumption of goodness of fit.
We found that higher orthonasal olfactory performance was associated with odds of higher SO in patients with OD, even after controlling for olfactory-relevant factors. To the contrary, similar models based on flavor perception failed to describe these relationships. This indicates for SF and ST to be less represented by the TDI compared to SO.
4 Laryngoscope, 130:2213-2219, 2020.
自我评估似乎是评估患者化学感觉最轻松的策略。值得注意的是，尽管味觉强烈依赖嗅觉，但自我报告的味觉感知与嗅味觉测试之间的关系尚未得到考虑。本研究的目的是调查嗅觉功能障碍（OD）患者的自我感知嗅觉（SO）、味觉（ST）和味觉感知（SF）与嗅觉测试结果之间的关系。
我们纳入了 203 名具有定量 OD 的患者。采用组间比较、双变量相关和有序逻辑回归来量化预测变量（年龄、性别、OD 原因和嗅味觉总和阈值、辨别和识别得分 [TDI]）与 SO 和 SF 结果（“受损”、“平均”或“良好”）之间的关系。
组间比较显示 SO 和 SF 之间存在显著差异（P<0.001）。SO 与 TDI 之间的相关性更强（r=0.64），而 SF 与 TDI 之间的相关性较弱（r=0.27）。ST 与 TDI 之间没有相关性（r=0.10）。在单变量和多变量分析中，较高的 TDI 与较高 SO 的几率增加相关（优势比=1.25 和调整后的优势比=1.23），两个模型都很好地拟合了数据。相反，基于 TDI 和 SF 变化之间关联的回归模型不符合拟合优度的假设。
我们发现，即使在控制与嗅觉相关的因素后，OD 患者的嗅觉表现越高，SO 的几率也越高。相反，基于风味感知的类似模型无法描述这些关系。这表明与 ST 相比，TDI 对 SF 的代表性较低。
4 级《喉镜》，2213-2219，2020。
