Solinas Marcello, Chauvet Claudia, Lafay-Chebassier Claire, Jaafari Nematollah, Thiriet Nathalie
Université de Poitiers, INSERM, U-1084, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques, Poitiers, France; Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle en psychiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Henri-Laborit, Poitiers, France.
Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle en psychiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Henri-Laborit, Poitiers, France.
Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2021 Feb;56:22-28. doi: 10.1016/j.coph.2020.09.001. Epub 2020 Sep 20.
Environmental enrichment (EE) has been shown to produce powerful beneficial effects in animal models of addiction. In particular, the ability of EE to promote abstinence and prevent relapse may allow for the identification of brain mechanisms responsible for the recovery from addiction. Indeed, the effects of EE on specific brain mechanisms could be mimicked by old or new molecules, which may become novel medications, called enviromimetics. Here, we review the best known enviromimetics for the treatment of addiction and suggest that, whereas these compounds may be relatively ineffective by themselves, they may be useful complements for existing therapeutic approaches to manage addiction which includes behavioural, environmental and pharmacological interventions.
环境富集（EE）已被证明在成瘾动物模型中产生强大的有益效果。特别是，EE促进戒断和预防复发的能力可能有助于识别成瘾恢复所涉及的脑机制。事实上，EE对特定脑机制的影响可以被新的或旧的分子模拟，这些分子可能成为称为环境模拟物的新型药物。在这里，我们综述了治疗成瘾最知名的环境模拟物，并认为，虽然这些化合物本身可能相对无效，但它们可能是现有成瘾治疗方法（包括行为、环境和药物干预）的有用补充。
